J.D. Salingers Franny and Zooey Essay -- Salinger Franny Zooey Essays

J.D. Salinger's Franny and Zooey Works Cited Missing In the novel Franny and Zooey, J.D. Salinger utilizes the Glass family to convey his convictions on religion and society during this time. One manner by which he does this is by conveying the novel into two short stories. One arrangements with Franny, a youthful female who is at a junction with her convictions, and different arrangements with her sibling Zooey who attempts to help his sister through her challenges. When this book was distributed in 1961, it was a moment hit and advanced toward the blockbuster list. Throughout the years there were numerous basic articles composed examining Salinger’s planned reason for this novel. In A Preface for â€Å"Franny and Zooey† John P. McIntyre investigates whether Salinger’s fundamental reason concentrating on religion was because of the way that he needed to demonstrate that religion ought to be progressively profound rather then managed in the public eye. Subsequent to perusing this paper, I concur with McIntyre in li ght of the fact that all through Franny and Zooey there are a few distinct circumstances which the peruser can see where the novel appears to help this understanding.      The first case of how the religion viewpoint ought to be profound is seen through Franny and Zooey’s character. Both were raised with a mix of religions by their more seasoned siblings. They feel as if this has made them unusual, which isn't correct, in light of the fact that having the option to comprehend these various religions have helped them in a few unique manners. With the goal for Zooey to comprehend what's up with his sister he talks he needs to her. While talking about what is happening in there lives, Franny begins to disclose to Zooey how she attended a university looking for astuteness yet has discovered none. Zooey then asks her what she needs from the Jesus supplication which Franny had started to follow. He additionally expresses that in the event that she is planning to pick up things from it, at that point she is much the same as every other person out there. Franny later replies by disclosing to Zooey that she is stressed and she doesnâ€℠¢t know her motivation for following these petitions. This particular conversation between the two delineates their disparities. They are people and by understanding these various religions and petitions, it has helped them be there own â€Å"spiritual person† rather then tuning in to society and being phony. In A Preface for â€Å"Franny and Zooey†, McIntyre says that â€Å"the most noticeably terrible they (Franny and Zooey) can say about our general public is that they are too sens... ...ives in that cognizance and this is ‘the idea’ he needs to get across to Franny† (McIntyre 4). So by concurring with McIntyre, we see that Zooey is a genuine individual and consistent with himself and to his convictions. When conversing with Franny Zooey discloses to her that he doesn’t feel she get Jesus, that she is making increasingly adorable then he truly is. He considers him the most shrewd man in the Bible. Furthermore, with this it shows this is a genuine case of how religion in the book is more otherworldly than all else particularly however Zooey’s character.      Philosophy and religion are significant points that Salinger attempts to advance through his novel Franny and Zooey. Through Franny’s breakdown he demonstrates that it is so imperative to appear as something else and put stock in what you think it right, particularly managing religion. While in Zooey he demonstrates what it is to be like this with your own convictions. John P. McIntyre’s article A Preface for â€Å"Franny and Zooey† bolsters this thought religion ought to be something otherworldly somewhat affected by society. â€Å"His (Salinger’s) essential concern respects the person's otherworldly life, that genuine connection between the individual and the dynamic Presence of God† (McIntyre 6).

Digital Business Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Computerized Business Management - Essay Example To accomplish this, the paper has chosen www.origin.com as the site for investigation. An investigation of the site is led with an emphasis on how it is executing advanced data frameworks. The paper at that point audits the plan of action of the site indicating its online incentive. The paper at that point proceeds to distinguish the intended interest group of the site and how the site is attempting to get to them. Finally, the paper assesses the client relationship the executives technique utilized and makes proposals dependent on what has been watched. Origin.com is Origin’s official site. Beginning offers free gaming types of assistance and a stage for games shopping that permits client to shop, access and play changed computer games. Starting point additionally goes about as an interpersonal interaction stage which empowers clients to associate, system and welcome each other to mess around across various stages (Origin.com, 2014). The site is additionally associated with a cloud administration that empowers a client to spare a game and resume from where it was halted. It, along these lines, takes into account trade of data and criticism, consequently, making a completely practical computerized data framework (Gitman and McDaniel, 2006). A computerized data framework is characterized as course of action of equipment, programming, liveware and data assets that empowers contributing of information, handling, yielding and capacity of data regularly for a distinct reason (Kathy, Zhwei and Agrusa, 2004). There are numerous kinds of data frameworks; the exchange handling framework, the board data framework, choice emotionally supportive network and official emotionally supportive network (El-Sawy and Pereira, 2012). This sites goes about as a choice emotionally supportive network since it gives data that is then utilized by a client to settle on choices dependent on data gave (Preece, 2001). A similar data can be utilized by the Origin supervisory crew to note and dissect issues and think of economical answers for the equivalent. The site executes computerized data frameworks in

Winning The War On War The Decline of Armed Conflict World Wide by Joshua Goldsteins

Winning The War On War The Decline of Armed Conflict World Wide by Joshua Goldstein’s Book Review: Winning The War On War: The Decline of Armed Conflict World Wide Jul 16, 2019 in Book Review Winning The War On War: The Decline of Armed Conflict World Wide is Joshua Goldsteins book. In his book, Goldstein examines many years of war and how mechanisms of peace restoration have influence the war. In addition, Goldstein has taken into consideration the measures that the United Nations (UN) have taken to curb the rapid growing war. In this article, I will review the authors opinions about the UN role and provide a thorough critique of the book. In an exquisite and expansive manner, Goldstein in this book craftily highlights that before UN formation and during ancient times, human race was a hostile and nasty lot. In this context, he points out the propensities of ancient China, the hostile society of Mongols, Romans, and also European imperialism just to mention a few. Goldstein points out all these past atrocious era to hammer home the point that after the Cold War, UN has been very significant in playing its role in peacekeeping. The success stories of Namibia, Cambodia and Macedonia are worth mentioning. On the other hand, there were UN failures that Goldstein points out, for example, the Somalia conflict and failure to intervene in the Rwandan 1994 genocide. The success of the UN has indeed been overshadowed by the shortcomings and especially the complacency in the deadly scenarios. However, the UN interventions when operations incorporate multidimensional agencies such as police, civilians, and military are inappropria te (p.100). The Sierra Leone intervention, according to Goldstein, worked in stabilizing West African security issues. Some of these countries still face numerous security concerns. Limited Time Offer! Get 15% OFF your first order However, Goldstein fails to adequately account (as realists would argue) that UN interventions in the post-Cold War era were bashed and sanctioned, since the operations did not augur well with the national interests of the Permanent Five (UK, US, Russia, China, France) on the Security Council. An example case is the involvement of the US and UK in Iraq and also Russia against Georgia (2008). Both these nations engaged in interstate wars beyond the auspices of the UN, while trying to protect their own interests. On the effectiveness of the security forces that UN uses, Goldstein states that the body has learned from its past mistakes. In Bosnia, according to him, forces are becoming robust in dealing with armed groups who persist fighting. To refute this claim, the best example case is the Cote dIvoire that joint UN mission that involved French armed forces. The mission reinstated the chosen president after the election was highly contested. However, there are still some problems with UN operations and how they are organized. UN forces often come from developing countries and involve poorly trained personnel. Apart from that, there is a common communication breakdown due to language barrier. The troops are inadequately led and are usually drown from countries, such as Nepal and Bangladesh. The distance and logistic coordination has also been a significant challenge that the UN forces still face. Goldstein states that UN efforts in ensuring that the peacekeeping agencies are well-equipped and receive political backing is quite a success. Goldstein holds the opinion that any war is a continuum that grows and worsens with time. Just as war is a progression, Goldstein asseverates that peace also can be graded from a frail ceasefire to peace talks. Goldstein espouses some astonishing statistics relating to war occurrence in the previous century. One of the factors that make this book interesting is that it is factual. It records not only what happened in the past, but also what is happening currently and what is expected to happen in the future. Goldstein asserts that the reduction in war is born by a united international entity able to deploy peacekeeping forces to end the war and restore peace conflict areas. However, human peaceful nature is paramount to maintain peaceful coexistence, but Goldstein does not mention this fact. Goldstein mentions eight features that have led to the diminishing state of war since the year 1990. These factors inclue: the termination of the cold war; the US authority, economic advantage of globalization; preaching of peace and upholding of both democracy and human rights; women taking part in politics; emergence of NGOs; and conflict resolution strategies. With these factors, Goldstein disagrees with USIP publication of intractable conflicts, as conflicts that were termed unmanageable are now manageable. In my view, USIP is demeaning the efforts that have been put in place over decades to resolve conflicts when it generalises conflicts as intractable. Grading war is plausible, since there are unique measures in implementing peace agreements. Order now Live Chat While disproving the claims that the twentieth century was a murderous century, Goldstein argues that Napoleonic Wars, of the first 15 years of the nineteenth century, were worst. During the Taiping Rebellion, preceding Napoleonic wars, approximately dozens of millions of people died. He adds that, as a result of Muslim uprising during the same time (19 century), five million people in Yunnan China died. During the last half of the century, US civil war and wars that ruined most of Latin America took place. Beginning in 1899, the Boer War started, thus exposing the tension that existed between world powers and colonial areas. Goldstein further looks at the time before 19th century and finds out that things have been getting better and that people have been able to shun war and embrace peace. He concludes that this trend has been a result of the formation of UN, which has played a significant role in curtailing war. The formation and functions of the UN as appertains peacekeeping are espoused. Goldstein narrates how UN established its first peacekeeping operation in Palestine in 1948 and called it United Nations Truce Supervision Organisation. The peacekeepers rules were to remain neutral and unarmed. These were to check danger and to keep them from being targets. Nevertheless, six officers were murdered, seven wounded and an incessant attack on their convoy was made. Towards the end of 1950, UN formed an armed force (United Nations Emergency Force, UNEF) that had the authority to use force in self-defence. UNEF included UN members who did not belong to the Security Council. Three principals were formulated to govern this force: consent by the host state, equitability and least use of force. As with any growing organisation, UNEF faced challenges but rather termed a success. Goldstein admits that some UN peace-keeping operations have failed (Bosnia, Rwanda, Angola and Somalia missions), because of underfunding, lack of personnel and lack of quality training. He also talks about the UN successes in Namibia, El Salvador, Cambodia and Mozambique. According to author, success owes to the host states consenting, whereas failure was witnessed in those who did not consent. Additionally, Goldstein provides two aspects that the UN peacekeepers should improve to involve in more accounts of success. Firstly, screening the culture of their military personnel from those of their host and secondly, encouraging their personnel to sacrifice and put their lives at stake. The presence of peacekeepers in a country reduces the chances of war erupting. Goldstein asserts that justice and reconciliation are imperative in maintaining and restoring peace. Goldstein also takes the reader through growth and development of peacekeeping mission in the UN. He talks about the establishment, disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration (DDR) programs as well as Security Sector Reform (SSR), truth commission and women involvement in peace activism. In spite of the increased movement for peace, Goldstein condemns the lack of seriousness directed into coordinating and supporting UN peacekeeping dynamism.

The Assassination Of The United States On September 11

The famous events that took place in the United States on September 11, 2001 were a conspiracy. There is no denying this when, by general definition, a conspiracy is â€Å"a secret plan made by two or more people to do something that is harmful or illegal†, (Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, n.d.). For the purposes of this paper, it is more beneficial to use Sustein and Vermeule’s definition which states that an idea can be considered a conspiracy theory if it is, â€Å"an effort to explain some event or practice by reference to the machinations of powerful people, who attempt to conceal their role (at least until their aims are accomplished)† (2009, p. 205). This is especially helpful considering that when most people think of conspiracy theories, they think of cases such as the JFK assassination, the moon landing, and the 9/11 attacks; all of which are some of the most prominent and influential conspiracy theories in our society. In the case of the 9/11 consp iracy theories, believers propose the idea that the event (the destruction of the World Trade Center) was caused by the machinations of powerful people (high ranking officials in the United States government) who attempted to conceal their role (by blaming Al-Qaeda). While the 9/11 Truth Movement’s (the official group of 9/11 conspiracy theorists) followers raise seemingly valid and challenging questions, it doesn’t take much to find the answers that shake the base of the conspiracy theorists’ foundation and render theShow MoreRelatedThe Assassination Of The United States1487 Words   |  6 Pagesevery person in the United States if asked can remember exactly where they were during a certain tragic event. People often associate themselves and their generation to a certain national tragedy or a group of national tragedies. For example, that part of Generation Y and some from Millennials would naturally consider the biggest and most devastating national tragedy to be the attacks on the World Trade Center buildings, on September 11, 2001. No other event in United States history has ever sparkedRead MoreA Look Back at 9/111307 Words   |  6 Pages9/11 One of the most known and worst events occurred on September 11, 2001. Terror attacks occurred in the United States of America in the cities of Washington D.C. and New York City. An Al-Qaeda terrorist group organized this attack by sending terrorists on four different airplanes to crash into the World Trade Center in New York City, and the Pentagon in Washington D.C. Two planes crashed into the World Trade Center, while another one was targeted for the Pentagon. Although one plane hit theRead MoreHistory of the Taliban1338 Words   |  6 Pagesof the most wanted men by the United States (U.S.) government. How does a man born to one of the poorest province become one of the most wanted men alive? The U. S. State Department is offering a reward up to ten million dollars for the capture of Mullah Omar. Omar is considered to be a man of mystery, who is highly respected, feared, and stubborn among his people. Omar is said to have ties with al-Qaeda, a known terrorist group that is r esponsible for September 11 attack. Omar is also suspectedRead More10 Days That Shaped America (History Channel) Summary1508 Words   |  7 PagesYannic Tschaitschian January 11, 2008 Mrs. Shelton 4th Block Honors History Ten Days That Shaped America 1) May 26, 1637-The Mystic Massacre of the Pequot War On May 26, 1637, English settlers under Captain John Mason, and Narragansett and Mohegan allies set fire to a Pequot fort near the Mystic River. The fort only had two entrances, and anybody that tried to flee the fort was shot by awaiting enemies. The only Pequots that survived were those who had followed their sachem Sassacus inRead MoreThe United States Government1309 Words   |  6 PagesBrianna Winn Mr. Smith English 111 18 May 2016 Fact or Fiction The United States government was formed to create a democracy fit for the idea that they would be considered â€Å"land of the free.† Unfortunately, throughout the history of several world wide events, the intentions of the â€Å"forefathers† have strayed to manipulate events and people. The government has been accused for many past years of lying when main events strike the nation causing many tragedies as well as causing emotional anguish onRead MoreEssay about Homeland Security1415 Words   |  6 PagesSince 9/11, terrorism has become a priority for law enforcement and military personnel in the United States. Even more importantly, it has turned into a War on Terrorism. September 11th was the worst terrorist attack ever on the United States. Therefore, our government officials responded in the only way that felt suitable, attacking terrorism. The group responsible for the events of 9/11 is called the Al Qaeda. Al Qaeda is one of the most well known terrorist g roups in the world. BecauseRead MoreThe Attack On September 111349 Words   |  6 PagesThe attack on September 11, 2001 is defined as a group of Islamic terrorist who are believed to be members of the al-Qaeda, attacking the Pentagon and the World Trade Center, also known as the Twin Towers, by hijacking four commercial airlines. Only three of the four attacks succeed. This is considered a terrorist attack to most of us. From this incident we can define terrorism as a well-planned violent attack that targets innocent people to send a political message by planting fear not just to theRead MoreTerrorism : The Threat Of Terrorism Essay1098 Words   |  5 Pagesthough these extremist use religious symbolism to seek a wider audience and resort to violent acts to prove their point. The terrorist’s events leading up to September 11, 2001 can be analyzed for the purpose of uncovering such a pattern to shed light on the possibility of preventing another horrific terrorist attack i n the future. September 11, 2001 is known today as the darkest day in aviation history because the attacks resulted in extensive death and destruction which led to significant U.S. initiatesRead MoreWar Against Al Qaeda And Other Terrorist Groups1994 Words   |  8 PagesEver since, 9/11 attacks, the United States have been involved in a war against al-Qaeda and other terrorist groups. They adopted the Israeli policy of killing terrorist which they called targeted killings. Targeted killings have become a policy in United States after 9/11 to subdue the rise of al Qaeda and other terrorist groups. The growing number of terrorism is greater than just people imagine. The threat posed by al Qaeda as claimed by the United States prompted the government to act in self-defenseRead MoreBarack Obama Bin Laden Speech1243 Words   |  5 Pageseffects of Osama Bin Laden, America’s actions, the assassination, and the important distinguishing of Islam and Pakistan from Al Qaeda. Obama is very profound for his use of emotive language; in this speech, he exemplifies this immediately. His use of antitheses opens with, â€Å"a bright September day was darkened†. He then goes on to take the spectators back to the tragic day of 9/11. He says, â€Å"Hijacked planes cutting through a cloudless September sky, the Twin Towers collapsing to the ground, black

Suppletion Definition and Examples in English Grammar

In morphology, suppletion is the use of two or more phonetically distinct roots for different forms of the same word, such as the adjective bad and its suppletive comparative form worse. Adjective: suppletive. According to  Peter O. Mà ¼ller et al., the term strong  suppletion is  used where the allomorphs are highly dissimilar and/or have different etymological origins, as in the adjective forms good and best. We speak of weak suppletion if some similarity is discernible, as in the words five and fifth (Word-Formation: An International Handbook of the Languages of Europe, 2015). Examples and Observations Bad - worse is a case of suppletion. Worse is clearly semantically related to bad in exactly the same way as, for example, larger is related to large, but there is no morphological relationship between the two words, i.e. there is no phonetic similarity between them.(J.R. Hurford et al., Semantics: A Coursebook, 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press, 2007)Suppletion is said to take place when the syntax requires a form of a lexeme that is not morphologically predictable. In English, the paradigm for the verb be is characterized by suppletion. Am, are, is, was, were, and be have completely different phonological shapes, and they are not predictable on the basis of the paradigms of other English verbs. We also find suppletion with pronouns. Compare I and me or she and her. Suppletion is most likely to be found in the paradigms of high-frequency words. . ..(Mark Aronoff and Kirsten Fudeman, What Is Morphology? 2nd ed. Wiley-Blackwell, 2011) Good, Better, Best The forms good, better and best, which belong to the adjective good . . . show suppletion since the relationship between the morphs representing the root morpheme is phonologically arbitrary. It would plainly make no sense to claim that there is a single underlying representation in the dictionary from which go and went or good and better are derived. The best we can do is to content ourselves with listing these allomorphs together under the same entry in the dictionary. (Francis Katamba, English Words, 2nd ed. Routledge, 2005) Origins of the Forms of Be and Go The Old English verb for be, like its Modern English counterpart, combined forms of what were originally four different verbs (seen in the present-day forms be, am, are, was). Paradigms that thus combine historically unrelated forms are called suppletive.Another suppletive verb is gan go, whose preterit eode was doubtless from the same Indo-European root as the Latin verb eo go. Modern English has lost the eode preterit but has found a new suppletive form for go in went, the irregular preterit of wend (compare send-sent). (John Algeo and Thomas Pyles, The Origins and Development of the English Language, 5th ed. Thomson Wadsworth, 2005). Origin of the Term  Suppletion in Linguistics The term suppletion gradually makes its way into grammatical descriptions and other linguistic works in the late 19th century (Osthoff 1899; Thomas 1899:79). In grammars it was probably triggered by the preceding notion of a defective paradigm; e.g. if a verb lacks a form in a certain category, it is supplied by some other verb.In linguistic theory of the 20th century, suppletion came to be fully established as a concept with the advent of structuralism, where the relation between form and meaning as well as the understanding of paradigmatic relationships became very important for a synchronic language description. (Ljuba N. Veselinova, Suppletion in Verb Paradigms: Bits and Pieces of the Puzzle. John Benjamins, 2006) Etymology From the Latin, to supply, make up a whole Pronunciation: se-PLEE-shen

Future Trends in Crisis Intervention Free Essays

Future Trends in Crisis Intervention Abstract Mental Health Paraprofessionals (MHPP) will work with the client and family on behavioral issues that occur in the home, school, and community. The MHPP serves on the treatment team and assists professional staff with the execution of the treatment plan. They also assist with securing community services that might be available to the client and the client’s family. We will write a custom essay sample on Future Trends in Crisis Intervention or any similar topic only for you Order Now The purpose of intensive Mental Health Paraprofessional Intervention is to enable the client to be maintained in the most normalized, least restrictive setting as possible, and to prevent unnecessary, inappropriate institutionalization. This paper discusses an overview paraprofessionals, the impact the paraprofessionals have on the field, the challenges that organizations are faced, and how to manage with the implemented changes. Future Trends in Crisis Intervention As the population in the United States continues to climb the need for human services professionals does the same. Human service agencies are often face the dilemmas of being over-worked and under paid. Professionals in this field are often prone to burnout because of these dilemmas. Sadly, human service agencies are often the first to experience budget cuts. These budget cuts affect the human service professional’s organization, facility, coworkers, pay, clients, and their personal moral. Leading officials of many human service organizations are noticing the affects of these dilemmas and are trying proactive approaches in solving the epidemics. As a result, the paraprofessional is becoming increasingly popular as the organization can fill the much needed worker positions and assist in alleviating clinician case load. This paper discusses the impact of this trend on the human services field and how the trend will impact the practice of crisis intervention in the future. The challenges faced as a result of the impact, and how the worker can proactively deal with this expanding trend is also covered. It is vital for these services to keep up with the demand and save as much of the valuable budget money. The Paraprofessional Counseling paraprofessionals are bachelor’s level graduates whom have completed a course in order to become certified as a paraprofessional. Paraprofessionals generally work in mental health centers, crisis units, day treatment programs and group homes. Generally they provide direct care to patients, where as a counselor, psychologist or psychiatrist offer more specified trained services. Treatment centers will employ support staff to work directly with their patients; counseling center paraprofessionals (CCP) are distinctly different from other support staff (Barrios amp; Perlas, 2010). They hold a certification in working with the mentally ill and a bachelor’s degree while certified counseling technicians (CCT) have a similar certification, but hold a high school diploma instead of a bachelor’s degree (Barrios amp; Perlas, 2010). Some treatment centers will also hire direct service professionals that do not have CCP or CCT certifications, but generally, those whom hold a certification are in higher demand and are more employable. Contact of a Paraprofessional The main purpose of a CCP is to interact directly with patients in their care; this may involve setting and enforcing rules on unit, organizing daily activities, and helping with chores or other similar duties. According to Christine Wyman (2012), â€Å"They often have more contact with clients that much of the other staff, including doctors, psychologists, and therapists, as the CCP is usually in charge of the client’s day to day activities. † Though the CCP performs less specialized work, they often have the most insight into individual clients. Because of the constant contact they are an invaluable member of the treatment team. With how often CCP’s get to observe patients on a daily basis they are able to pick up on behavior patterns that other staff may not see. They are also able to see how various treatments affect a patient in their daily lives. Some CCPs are designated to work one on one with a single client. A CCP in this role is often assigned as such because a client has a particular need. â€Å"Such needs could include but are not limited to helping a client with severe cognitive or physical limitations, watching a client whom is a danger to himself or others or working with a client whose treatment goals involve intensive one on one work† (Wyman, 2012). Impact There are many ways that the use of counseling center paraprofessionals can benefit the organization. One of the many benefits of the paraprofessional in the human service career field could be that they require less training than typical clinician or other human service professional. That way the CCP is able to become certified and begin work in a much shorter time frame then someone who is going through all the required schooling and testing to become a licensed professional. Another aspect deals with the lesser amount of pay therefore saving the organization money. With the way budgets are being cut it is important to stretch every dollar as much as possible. â€Å"Someone without the education or licensure will not be able to do as much as a professional and therefore require less pay therefore saving money for other areas it is needed† (Barrios ;amp; Perlas, 2010). Since CCP’s spend a great deal of time with the patients they serve as valuable member of the treatment team in helping diagnose issues and observe if prescribed treatments are working. With the CCP’s doing this then that opens up the professionals to work with more clients on a one on one basis. Challenges Paraprofessionals in the human services field can be considered both an important asset and a nuisance to the clinicians and the clients served. With all the good that a paraprofessional brings the position also has some negatives. During this tumultuous economy, districts find themselves entertaining a variety of solutions as a means of tackling severe budget reductions, and colleges are faced with the impossible task of providing quality student services without adequate resources. As a result, paraprofessionals may have absorbed additional duties previously performed by a robust counseling department. Also the CCP’s can be improperly trained or supervised. Because of these two occurrences the care provided can suffer. When people are overworked they are more likely to suffer from burnout. In this case the lack of CCP’s can cause burnout on behalf of the professionals and if the CCP’s are doing more than they should they can become burnt out. Managing Paraprofessional responsibilities should not extend beyond information dissemination. When the duties expand into goal setting, planning or decision making, the paraprofessional has overstepped his/her professional boundaries. It is recommended that paraprofessional roles and duties be assessed to ensure that paraprofessionals do not extend beyond their primary job description (Barrios ;amp; Perlas, 2010). If paraprofessionals are utilized, proper training and supervision are imperative. Both training and supervision should be conducted with counselors taking an active role in both. Training methods could include individual one-on-one trainings, small group trainings, or an in-service training to the greater college community in order to differentiate the goals and responsibilities between counselors and paraprofessionals. Trainings and supervision should include clearly defined responsibilities and a counselor referral process. Identification badges, that include name and position, should be provided along with ethical and confidentiality regulations. Closing Crisis Intervention Counseling plays an important role and benefits many people in their time of need. With the direction of society and the numerous budget cuts that are implemented each year, the affected organizations that provide these services must find the best way to survive. In hiring counseling center paraprofessionals the group takes some of the pressure off of the professionals and spread the work out more evenly. This move also saves the organization money on a tight budget. There are many issues that face the human service field and counseling in the future but one major is the funding. CCP’s can do a lot to solve this issue now and in the future as budgets for these services get cut even more. How to cite Future Trends in Crisis Intervention, Papers

Air Industry for Pilots and Flight Attendants-myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theAir Industry for Pilots and Flight Attendants. Answer: The airline industry offers service to nearly every part of the world and therefore is seen as a fundamental part of the global economy stabilizer. The airline industry itself as an economic power also assists some other related industries to grow (Vasigh Fleming, 2016). However, there are a number of challenges that the industry undergoes during its operation. Therefore, this paper will mainly address the expenses and costs that the air industry faces and how they have a resultant effect on the ticket prices and flying occurrences. Operating an airline industry is not arguably expensive especially when it comes to the management of the labor force. The labor of managing an airline industry accounts to about 35% of the total airlines operating expenses. This ranges from hiring the pilots, flight attendants among other management teams. The cost of paying the salaries to the entire flight staff is usually huge. As such, the flight management must consider this factor in the ticket pricing in order to generate some profits. Also, fuel cost for the airline industry is usually very expensive. Fuel cost represents one of the largest chunks of airline industry expenditure. Averagely, fuel expenses account for about 29% of all the operational expenditure. Jet fuel is the main type of fuel which is used by the passenger carrier flights among other aircrafts. This fuel is usually a product of oil and therefore the two are correlated. With the fluctuation of oil in the global market, the jet fuel is usually affected too. Therefore, when the oil prices go up the passenger tickets and other air transport means are also likely to increases so that the industry can realize some profits. Flight catering is becoming a more important event in the air industry. For instance, a large airline which moves over long distances is required to serve its passengers on board with meals and other required necessities. Therefore, it is required to load thousands of items before it flies (Bieger and Wittmer, 2006). These items not only range from meals but also toilet papers, newspapers, headsets among other necessities. The food items are usually fresh while other in-flight equipment for crew and passengers use tends to be recyclables. The current airline industry is very competitive and therefore the industry that provides the best onboard services are the most preferred by the passenger. Therefore, the industry has to incur a lot of costs to achieve this. In the long run, the cost of passenger tickets may also be affected. Furthermore, insurance is also a major key expense that the industry faces. Aviation insurance is usually meant to cover uncertainties in the operations of the aircraft and the risks involved in the aviation industry (Pearlson et al., 2013). The aviation policies are usually different from other modes of transport. This is because they tend to cover aviation terminology, limits, and clauses specific insurance. These insurance are usually expensive and adds cost to the operation of the airline. There are various types of aviation airlines that range from public liability, passenger liability, combined single limit, ground risk insurance and inflight insurance (Belobaba et al., 2015). Air industry also faces fees that are associated with the landing of their airlines in different airports across the world. Landing fee is usually paid by a particular aircraft so as to gain access to a landing space. The amount of fees to be paid for landing, however, varies among different airports (Miller Chen, 2004). This may result due to availability and the number of aircrafts operating the same airport. Those airports that are congested may charge a higher landing fee to create a free space for landing. The money that is collected from the landing fee is in most cases used in the maintenance of the runways, airport buildings, and taxiways. Such fees also contribute to the pricing of a passenger ticket. Overflight fees are another cost that the air industry must adhere to so as to become efficient in their operation. Every country in which the long-distance flights have to pass through imposes charges for using their airspace (Cento, 2008). Therefore, this affects the air industry to some extent. Conclusion The air industry is one of the sectors that are crucial in the global economic drive. However, this sector is faced with a number of challenges ranging from fuel cost, labor cost, airport fees, insurance and catering costs. These costs do have a resultant effect on the passenger tickets in order to realize the expected profits. However, the industry is investing in the alternatives to achieve an effective cost-cutting to even increase their profits in operation. With the current decrease in the jet fuel prices, the industry is projected to make a tremendous profit and affordable passenger prices. References Belobaba, P., Odoni, A., Barnhart, C. (Eds.). (2015).The global airline industry. John Wiley Sons. Bieger, T., Wittmer, A. (2006). Air transport and tourismPerspectives and challenges for destinations, airlines and governments.Journal of Air Transport Management,12(1), 40- 46. Cento, A. (2008).The airline industry: challenges in the 21st century. Springer Science Business Media. Miller, D., Chen, M. J. (2004). Sources and consequences of competitive inertia: A study of the US airline industry.Administrative science quarterly, 1-23. Pearlson, M., Wollersheim, C., Hileman, J. (2013). A techno?economic review of hydroprocessed renewable esters and fatty acids for jet fuel production.Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining,7(1), 89-96. Vasigh, B., Fleming, K. (2016).Introduction to air transport economics: from theory to applications. Routledge.

Tuesdays With Morrie Tuesdays With Morries Essay Example For Students

Tuesdays With Morrie Tuesdays With Morries Essay Tuesdays With Morrie Tuesdays With Morrie is a true novel based upon an older dying mans outlook on life. Throughout the story, the older man teaches his past We will write a custom essay on Tuesdays With Morrie Tuesdays With Morries specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now student about life as his body is slowly withering away from the Lou Gehrigs Disease. CHARACTER DEVELOPMENT: Morrie Schwartz (the older man) teaches his student, Mitch Albom, what really matters in life. The only way that I can begin to describe Morries character, is to quote an excerpt from pg. 10 regarding his reaction after being diagnosed: But my old professor had a profound decision, one he began to construct the day he came out of the doctors office with a sword hanging over his head. Do I wither up and disappear, or do I make the best of my time left? He asked himself. He would not wither. He would not be ashamed of dying. Instead he would make death his final project, the center point of his days. Since everyone was going to die, he could be of great value, right? He could be research. A human textbook. Study me in my slow and patient demise. Watch what happens to me. Learn with me. Morrie would walk that final bridge between life and death, and narrate the trip. Based on his decision not to wither up and die, and instead use his dying, as an opportunity to teach others what truly matters in life, shows how unselfish and positive he really was. Morrie didnt see his time spent ill as a waste, instead, he said, and I quote, I mourn my dwindling time, but I cherish the chance it gives me to make things right. (Pg. 167) As a way to further carry out Morries wish to be useful, both Morrie and Mitch decided to meet every Tuesday to study and discuss lifes greatest lessons. Not only do we see evidence of Morries character, we also see a change in Mitch and his values. With Morrie as a guide, Mitch begins to understand that money, and materialistic wealth, have less significance than things such as relationships, forgiveness, and love. IMAGERY: An excerpt from the book, which related to imagery, was what Morrie referred to as detachment. As he was recovering from a violent coughing spell, he began to explain to Mitch the ability to detach yourself from your emotions. He believed that experiencing life and the emotions that go along with each situation were very important. Morrie explained to Mitch that it was necessary to experience and feel your emotions fully rather than ignore them or pretend that they dont exist as so many of us do. This is more fully explained in an excerpt from pg. 105: Morries approach was exactly the opposite. Turn on the faucet. Wash yourself with the emotion. It wont hurt you. It will only help. If you let the fear inside, if you pull it on like a familiar shirt, then you can say to yourself, All right, its just fear, I dont have to let it control me. I see it for what it is. Same for loneliness: you let go, let the tears flow, feel it completely-but eventually be able to say, All right, that was my moment with loneliness. Im not afraid of feeling lonely, but now Im going to put that loneliness aside and know that there are other emotions in the world, and Im going to experience them as well. When Morrie detaches himself from his emotions, he is not simply ignoring and blocking them, but experiencing them fully as well as separating himself .u919c2c82ec7a5814f15e733032e41199 , .u919c2c82ec7a5814f15e733032e41199 .postImageUrl , .u919c2c82ec7a5814f15e733032e41199 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u919c2c82ec7a5814f15e733032e41199 , .u919c2c82ec7a5814f15e733032e41199:hover , .u919c2c82ec7a5814f15e733032e41199:visited , .u919c2c82ec7a5814f15e733032e41199:active { border:0!important; } .u919c2c82ec7a5814f15e733032e41199 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u919c2c82ec7a5814f15e733032e41199 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u919c2c82ec7a5814f15e733032e41199:active , .u919c2c82ec7a5814f15e733032e41199:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u919c2c82ec7a5814f15e733032e41199 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u919c2c82ec7a5814f15e733032e41199 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u919c2c82ec7a5814f15e733032e41199 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u919c2c82ec7a5814f15e733032e41199 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u919c2c82ec7a5814f15e733032e41199:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u919c2c82ec7a5814f15e733032e41199 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u919c2c82ec7a5814f15e733032e41199 .u919c2c82ec7a5814f15e733032e41199-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u919c2c82ec7a5814f15e733032e41199:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Breast Cancer Essayfrom them so that they will not control him. In this sense at least he can slightly escape the fear of his emotions without fully ignoring them. Morrie did not want to leave the world through a violent coughing spell, instead he wanted to understand what was happening to him, find acceptance in it, and be able to let go in a peaceful manner. THEME: The theme of this book is about an old dying man who teaches his young student .

How to Avoid DV Green Card Lottery Scams

How to Avoid DV Green Card Lottery Scams Millions of people enter the United States diversity visa program (better known as the green card lottery) each year hoping to be selected for one of the 50,000 immigrant visas. The lottery is free to enter, but there are many businesses who offer services to assist people with their applications. While many of these businesses are legitimate, some exist only to scam innocent people out of their money. The U.S. State Department warns applicants to be on the lookout for these frauds and scam artists. Following are 5 tips to help you avoid being scammed. There Is No Fee to Download, Complete and Submit the Electronic Diversity Visa Entry Form If a website or business wants to charge you a fee for entering the green card lottery, the money does not go to the U.S. government; this is a fee for the companys services. There are legitimate companies that provide fee-based services to help immigrant-hopefuls register in the lottery, however, these businesses have to follow the exact same procedures as you do to submit your registration. You should carefully consider whether you really need to pay someone to put through an application on your behalf that would cost you nothing to submit. No One Can Claim to Have a Special Procedure or Form to Increase Your Chances of Winning There are really only two ways you can increase your chances of winning: Submit an application that is complete, error-free and meets the eligibility requirements to avoid having your entry disqualified.If both you and your spouse are eligible for the lottery, you can apply separately. If one of you wins, the other spouse can enter the country on the winning spouses visa. Watch for Websites Posing as U.S. Government Websites The website name may look like a government site with a similar-sounding name as a government agency, with flags and official-looking seals decorating the site and links to legitimate government addresses, but be careful the website could be an impostor. If the domain name doesnt end in .gov then it is not a government website. There is only one way to submit your diversity visa lottery entry, and thats through the U.S. State Department at www.dvlottery.state.gov. Some embassy websites do not have .gov as their domain, but you can link to the official U.S. embassies, consulates, and diplomatic missions websites. Green Card Lottery Winners Will Receive a Letter in the Mail The letter will contain  further instructions on how to complete the immigration process. Winners DO NOT receive notification by e-mail. If you are chosen as a lottery winner, an official letter from the U.S. Department of State Kentucky Consular Center in Williamsburg, Kentucky will be sent to the mailing address you provided in your application. You can check the status of your entry online at the E-DV website to confirm whether or not you are a winner. The online status check opens several months after the lottery registration period ends. If You Have Been Selected to Apply for a Diversity Visa, a Fee Will Be Required This application filing fee is  payable to the Department of State and  does not go to the person or business who submitted your lottery entry (if you paid someone for this service). No one is authorized by the Department of State to notify diversity visa lottery applicants of their winning entry, the next steps in the processing of applying for their visa or collect fees on behalf of the Department of State. Current fees for visa services are available on the Department of State website. Source U.S. State Department

Causes behind the Arab Spring Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Causes behind the Arab Spring - Essay Example In fact, nations like Iraq, Syria, and Iran were obstacles in the path of establishing a greater Israel which could control the whole Middle East. Thus, the best way to do so was to topple the ruling regime by working from within. In order to do so, it was necessary to create conflict between the various religious and ethnic groups by entering the nation in the name of protecting the minorities. A perfect example is Tunisia, which was once considered the best Economy in Africa. However, as Tunisian leader Ben Ali was in close contact with the West and NATO, it was easy for the West to manipulate the internal affairs. As Lalmi reports, soon, the corruption of Ben Ali was leaked through Wikileaks, and mass demonstrations hit the streets in no time. Soon, Ben Ali fled to Saudi Arabia. Very similar was the case of Egypt and Hosni Mubarak. Evidently, he was a man who was hated by most Arabs for his support of the West. Also, there were many more reasons ranging from his privatization of natural resources to foreign investors, supporting the attack on Iraq, and opposition to Hezbollah’s and Hamas’ armed fight against Israel. In order to promote uprisings, as Nixon reported in New York Times, various American groups including International Republican Institute, National Democratic Institute and Freedom House, and National Endowment for Democracy and Project on Middle East Democracy provided technical training in the use of social networking and mobile technology. In fact, the situation was very similar in Libya where Gaddafi was foolish enough to try to establish an African Union which would jeopardize the re-colonization plan and to develop a new currency to rival the American Dollar and the European Euro.

Risk management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Risk management - Assignment Example These are banks, insurance businesses, mutual funds, securities firms, investment banks and finance companies. A financial institution collects funds from private as well as public investors to use them in financial assets. Financial institutions play the role of mediators in share markets and debt security markets. Financial activities may include bonds, debentures, stocks, loans, risk diversification, insurance, hedging, retirement planning, investment, portfolio management, and many other related functions. Through these functions, funds get transferred to different tiers of economy for positively performing a business function (Babbel & Santomero 1997). When financial companies such as banks and insurance companies sell their products, they cover the risks which could be short-term or long-term risks. There are other companies called â€Å"Reinsurance companies† that sell policies to insurance companies to cover risk factors and save from big losses. Generally, reinsurance companies are big players and can write insurance risks directly. There is another type ‘captive insurance company’ that serves the limited aim of financing the risks of a parent company (Wikipedia 2010). Financial activities are risky business. From management perspective, some financial risks can be such that can be removed by following standard business practices, some risks can be shifted to other participant , and some financial risks must be managed proactively by the institution itself. Financial companies have their own financial risk management systems involving risk management techniques (Babbel & Santomero 1997). Generally, financial institutions, being the principal functionaries, use their own balance sheets to realise a transaction and mitigate the risks involved. Thus, most of the risks are for on-balance-sheet businesses. Financial institutions estimate

Sustainability Strategies for Proctor Gamble

Sustainability Strategies for Proctor Gamble 1. Introduction: Procter and Gamble is an organization which produces diverse products, and its ambition is to reach the consumers demand. PG began in the 1911; with the theme of innovation by producing every time a different product. For every product they go through three stages. The first stage was to make innovative needed products; the second was to proceed with the successful products with suitable quantities; and the third is to have more investments of capital to enlarge the company. These three stages preserve the success of PG. PG is a multinational corporation with 156 branches in more than 70 countries. There are three main development centers, the first center is in Germany in which paper products like Always and Pampers are developed. The second is in Brussels, used to develop detergents. The last center is situated in the United Kingdom where soap and shampoos are developed. PGs environmental science department plays a unique role to ensure that their products are safe to use for the consumer as well as for the environment. Environmental safety is an internal part of the quality that PG builds into its every product. The Company is committed to produce best quality of products to refine the consumers of whole world. The companys actual performance could be deduced by looking at its 2009 Annual Report. Its worldwide net earnings for the year 2009 were 13,436 million dollar, which is 13.61% increase over the prior year. It has total assets of $134,833 million and liabilities of $71,451 million. PG has been paying a dividend for 120 consecutive years since its incorporation in 1890 and has increased its dividend for 54 consecutive years at an annual compound average rate of approximately 9.35%.This is an evidence of how much consumers demand PGs product and how this initiates the company to develop 300 brands to satisfy five billion consumers all over the world. Alan G. Lafley became chairman of PG in 2000, he made it clear that he wanted innovation across the spectrum-in how the company invents, markets, manufactures, and distributes its products. 2. Methods 2.1 Data collection methods We get the data from the documentary analysis of the PG which come from the website of the PG. The data is easy accessed in the internet. PGs annual plans are useful in the research. At the same time, we keep contact to PG via emails. They give us information on the plan of the companys development. 2.2 Issues and challenges Biases different comments of PG in massive aspects, often find data from some organization within the PG. that circumstances may cause biases, which influence comments to become less objective and even flattery. It is significant to distinguish the information because possibly comments on one aspect could go opposite and cause dilemma. Detailed resource constraints it is not difficult to find general information about PG. However, it was not easy to search details and depth objections. Although, connecting PG for details may work, yet it cannot be certain that the opinions gained from PG are 100% objective and real. Collecting from dispersive information a majority of resources is dispersive. It means much time consuming and less efficiency. Also some information may mislead ideas to somewhere wrong. 2.3 Analysis Through the analysis of companys annual report, we know the performance of PG. according to the structure and culture of PG, we can forecast the development foreground. We evaluate the approaches to management and leadership. We use the view of a manager, trying to give out a better way. We are based on management principles and analysis the existing business model. PG has a unique pattern in the business management which was widely praised by consumers. 3. Business strategy, mission and goals 3.1 Introduction PG products touch the lives of people around the world billion times a day. This happens because PG provides products of best quality to improve the lives of all consumers around the world. This results in sales, profit and value creation, between the company and the consumers in which they operate to prosper. Its business is divided into three global units: beauty, health and well being, and household care. It also makes pet food and water filters and produces soap operas. Some products of PGs brands are billion-dollar sellers, including Gillette Fusion, Always, Braun, Bounty, Charmin, Crest, Downy/Lenor, Folgers (which it reportedly plans to spin off), Gillette mach 3, Iams, Olay total, Pampers, Pantene pro v, Pringles, Tide lemon jasmine, and Wella, among others. The above products were mentioned by Robert N. Lussier(2009) in annual report 2009. The PG consists of over 138,000 employees working in over 80 countries. It began as a small, family-operated soap and Candle Company which now not only provides products but also concentrate on services of best quality and value to consumers in more than 180 countries. In PG, they are focusing their efforts on where they can make the most meaningful difference in both environmental and social Sustainability. According to Andrea Redmonds (2010) research, their dedication begins with PGs Purpose, values and principles, in which Sustainability is embedded, and manifests itself in a systemic and long-term way. They try to make their company better. 3.2 Mission and goals In 2007, PG implemented five strategies to Sustain goals for the future. In March of 2009, PG made a progress to emphasize their commitment to achieve more significant goals. The five strategies are as follows: Strategy1 Products: Delight the consumer with sustainable innovations which improve the environmental profile of the products. They have developed the market which was at least $50 billion in cumulative sales of sustainable innovation products, and products that have an improved environmental profile. Strategy 2 Operations: Improve the environmental profile of PGs own operations. An additional 20% reduction (per unit production) in CO2 emissions, energy consumption, water consumption and disposed waste from PG plants, leading to a total reduction over the decade of at least 50%. PROGRESS (percent reduction per unit production) Since July 2007 Since July 2002 Energy Usage 11% 48% CO2 Emissions 10% 52% Waste Disposal 30% 53% Water Usage 13% 52% Strategy 3 Social responsibility: Improve childrens lives through PGs social responsibility programs. Enable 300 million children to Live, Learn and Thrive. They prevented 160 million days of disease and also saved 20,000 lives by delivering 4 billion liters of pure water for the Childrens Safe Drinking Water program. Strategy 4 Employees: Engage and equip all PG employees to build Sustainability thinking and practices into their everyday work. Strategy 5 Shareholders: Plan the future by working transparently with their shareholders so that they can work with freedom to innovate in a responsible way. Beside the five strategies, they have several goals on the market. 1. Designed to Matter In PG, they focus the Sustainability efforts on improvements that matter, to make the most meaningful impact they can. 2. Purposes, values principles PGs Purpose, Values Principles formulated their shared vision, a common sets of behavior and their beliefs about the business and its potential. 3.3 Marketing strategy Many people think that multi-brand strategy will result in a situation that internal competition happens, but P G believes that the best strategy is to compete with their own product. Gary Armstrong (2009) said this is because the market economy is a competitive economy, while its opponents to develop new products to share the market. As their challenge themselves and overcome their own, so that their products  brands may occupy a different market, in order to consolidate its leadership position. 1. Differentiated brands If P Gs multi-brand strategy to be understood as simply more brands, it would be wrong. Actually the pursuit of similar products, the differences between different brands, including features, packaging, promotion, etc., to form each brand distinctive, such as Procter Gamble brand strategy so that each brand has its own development, the market will not overlap, and it will not lead to market its brand in the consumer confusion. The words above are supported by Piero Morosini (2005) 2. Manufacture of USP According to the report, USP means unique selling proposition. It is proposed by the American advertising guru Rosser Reeves (said Brent Green 2006). Marketing theory: the core of its content: Advertising should be according to the characteristics unique to the consumer for rhetoric,  and allow consumers to believe that this feature is not available to others or others not mentioned. These features can bring tangible benefits to consumers. 3. Unique way: numbers brands in one organization As Michel Philippart (2005) and Hangzhou da Xues (1994) study, multi-brand strategy is very difficult to succeed. While a single image of the brand extension strategy to facilitate the unity of management, reduce marketing costs, easy-to-be customers to accept, but it is not guaranteed, because of a branding, the easy formation among consumers  fixed image, resulting in the customers mind-set is not conducive to the extension product. 4. Overall structure: The Procter Gamble Company (PG) is divided into three main worldwide units, which are household care, beauty and grooming and health and well-being (Marketing magazine: 2009). Every units report is sent to Susan E. Arnold, who has been promoted from vice chair of PGs beauty and health department to the position of president of global business units. The beauty care section is also managed by Susan Arnold. PG has restructured its hierarchy of top executives, who include Arnold, in order to meet the changing needs of their larger, more flexible and faster-paced global business. Lafley, who is the chairman of PG, announced that PG has nearly doubled its business since 2000 with the acquisitions of the Clairol, Wella hair care businesses and Gillette. The change in structure is designed to meet the needs of a larger business that is also developing new initiatives faster than in the past (Balendu: 2007). Initially, PG managed its international operations through an international division of foreign expansion, in the same manner many other multinational enterprises. A variety of products were identified to match national differences and preferences. Consequently, a portfolio, consisting of subsidiaries, run by country general managers was established. However, this management structure may result in two basic problems. Firstly, the cost of operating these subsidiaries is high, and secondly the ferocious autonomy of national subsidiaries prevented the global roll out of new products and technology improvements (Lin, 2008: 9). Therefore, PG needed innovation in the subsidiaries management structure. It concluded that the matrix structure, in which subordinates report to more than one superior (MacKenzie, 2002:22), is a better alternative for PG, as it allows authority to be kept at lower levels. However, most firms would have some difficulty implementing this Matrix structure into their organization because it is difficult to organize multinational activities through this complex structure. For example, dual reporting can lead to disagreements and confusion and a possible overlap of responsibilities. This may result in a loss of accountability and wastes time. Through time PG has been trying to optimize its structure. The current structure resulted in a culture within PG, which was viewed as slow, conformist and risk-averse (Lin, 2008:11). This led to a decrease in productivity and an increase in inefficiency in the organization. Moreover, these factors would slow down the decision making process and reduce the competitiveness of the company. Although, the management structure of PG seems imperfect at the moment. However, the Procter Gamble Company is still a giant in the area of consumer goods and the leading maker of household products in the United States. PG operates its business in over 80 countries around the world and has approximately 300 brands in more t han 160 countries. The matrix structure helps PG develop its global business structure into more specific areas. As a result, the company has become more flexible to change within market competitions and the different expectation of PG. The final stage of completing the innovation process of management structure is to transform the formal structure and responsibilities of the company. For example, the global business units of PG were established in order to manage product development, manufacturing and marketing of their respective categories all around world. Furthermore, global business service units were established to organize with the transactional activities such as Accounting, HR, IT, etc. Eliminating bureaucracy and increasing accountability is another main objective of structure change (Bartlett, 2004: Chp 4). The Procter Gamble Companys corporate structure has been mainly dependent on worldwide subsidiaries and merging. During this time of restructuring, PG has continued its active acquisitions pace. For instance, PG entered the European tissue and towel market through the purchase of Vereinigte Papierwerke Schickedanz AGs European tissue unit and added the luxury fragrance business of Giorgio Beverly Hills, Inc. In the same year, PG returned to the South African market following the lifting of U.S. sanctions. PG has altered its geographic management structure gradually. As a result, PG has divided its operations into United States and other countries, which mainly includes four regions North America, Latin America, Asia and Europe/Middle East/Africa. PG announced a new restructuring initiative in September 1998. A key factor of this restructuring was a shift from an organization centered around the four geographic regions to one centered on seven global business parts based on product lines: Baby Care, Beauty Care, Fabric Home Care, Feminine Protection, Food Beverage, Health Care Corporate New Ventures and Tissues Towels. PG has continued to restructure and adapt to different markets and different financial situation worldwide. According to a firm press release announcing the new structure, This change will drive greater innovation and speed by centering strategy and profit responsibility globally on brands, rather than on geographies 5. PGs Culture: Culture plays an important role in any organization to run their organization well in this fast growing business world. According to Scheins theory of culture it is defined as A pattern of shared basic assumption that the group learned as it solved its problem of external adaptation and integration that has work well enough to be considered valid and therefore to be taught to new members as a correct way to perceive, think and feel in relation to those problem-(Scheins 1992, p12, italics altered). According to Schein organizational culture is the acquired outcome of group experience, as it is to a large extent unconscious. Schein considers culture to the three layer phenomenon. From figure 1 it is clearly seen that the organizational culture comprises of three layers first one is the artefacts, espoused values and underlying assumption. Artefacts Innovation culture is the mission statement of Procter and gamble organization in which they state that the consumer is boss, consumer should be the heart of all PG do from ideation stage through the purchase of the product. For example if 30 seconds with a deodorant or one minute with a disposal diaper have made a small part of your life a little bit better then PG made a difference. PG policies made the company a unique one that respect of governments and law, respects in workplace and respect in the market place (annual report of PG, 2005). PG is a multinational company and it is widely spread geographically. They maintain open work system in lots of work places around the world. Executive offices do not have doors. Leaders do not have a secretary cordoning them off. The executive floors on all the offices at Procter and gamble are open, conference room is an open round space. They made it round as a small symbol of the new approach (Lafely .A, 2000 CEO of PG). Espoused values PG is having hierarchy of company ethics principles. PVP(Purpose, Values and principles), corporate policies, worldwide business conduct standards, operating policies/procedure/practices. For over 170 years PG purpose values and principles has been guiding the way they do business and it is shown in the fig 2 below. There purpose is to provide branded products and services of superior quality and values that improves the lives of the worlds consumer. PG lives with its people and values, they recruit the finest people in the world who built organization by promoting and rewarding people without regard to any difference related to performance. Lafely said that PG have been fortunate that some of this flexible multifaceted ethics exist in our heritage. For example Procter and Gamble pioneered a system which is technician based in its manufacturing plants during the 1960s and 70s. In this system they avoided the approach in which one person assigned to do only one job. The technician sys tem still operates today and working well. To get the highest evaluation rating in PG factory, you learn how to do all the jobs on line and once you have that rating, company expect you to be that much capable of problem identification, problem solving, and innovation. This background has made it easier for company to plug manufacturing and engineering in to the innovation culture. PG CEO Lafely said in one conference that once people in our organization have succeeded at innovation then you can see the energy in the company changing. People at PG routinely says that we can do this, this is feasible and the change of attitude of the people in PG is incredible to watch. Integrity, leadership, ownership, passion for winning and trust are the main asset values of PG. By considering purpose and values they made their principles like the show respects for individual, interest of the company and individual are inseparable and innovation is the cornerstone of PG success. These are the offi cials objectives which had been espoused by the company head and it is common for PG organization all over the world. Fig 2 PVP of PG 2003 sustainability report Underlying Assumptions It consists of unconscious, taken for granted beliefs, perception, thoughts and feelings. PG are having problem relating to external adaption and internal integration. PG keep refining their products, launch model from ideas, to prototype, to development, to qualification and to commercialization. Applying this sequential practice on large scale and replicate them does not mean to eliminate judgment, thats why PG needs active leaders and a strong innovation culture. Therefore PG introduces the inclusive culture for leaders and they expected to build inclusive work environment that welcomes and embraces diversity an environment where people feel comfortable. Forced diversity training/learning process are utilized to equip leaders to values and nurture difference in management experience, style of leadership and problem solving approaches. By analyzing the PGs culture it is seen that PG is having a strong and dominant culture and that culture follows in every part of the world. Innovation is the main theme of PGs success and to bind organization culture together. 6. PGs management leadership: Innovative Management and Leadership of PG When we observe organizations and try to classify, we tend to classify them in terms of their success and describe them as highly successful, successful, struggling to succeed or unsuccessful. There are certain factors influencing their success. Management in the organizations has to perform some functions like planning, organizing, staffing, directing, leading and controlling for success. Management consists of implementation of the vision and strategy provided by leaders, coordinating and staffing the organization and handling day-to-day problems. By Koontz and Weihrich management is the process of designing and maintaining an environment in which individuals work with such performance for optimizing efficiency in reaching goals. HENRI FAYOL identified the main operations in business management- technical, commercial, financial, security, accounting and administration. The administration function he further subdivided into organizational, coordinating, commanding, controlling and purveyance. The purveyance further included the concepts of forecasting and planning.  [i]   PG was facing certain disadvantages using the Henri Fayol method because it was not an empirical but more theoretical. Moreover PG wants to be innovative and wants to differentiate products by its formation. So they adopted the Cooper-Kleinschmidt study of innovation method which was based on the triangle process. The Innovation Diamond in Exhibit 1 began as a triangle process, Resources, and strategy the result of a 1990s Cooper-Kleinschmidt study of innovation across a Broad range of businesses.4 Procter Gambles management in the 1990s subsequently transformed the triangle into their Initiatives Diamond, shown in Exhibit 2.  [ii]   The Innovation Diamond is a guiding framework to help management focus on whats important to success: innovative strategy, a good idea-to-launch process, portfolio management, the climate and leadership. PGs Initiatives Diamond serves as a guide for each businesss product innovation efforts, and helps to focus managements attention on what is important to success. Heres what Bob McDonald, PGs Vice Chairman of Global Operations, says: The Initiative Diamond played a significant role in improving the business results in PGs Fabric Home Care global business unit. This work brought us a new discipline to manage our innovation programs, and yielded a major increase in the in-market success of our initiatives. We aligned our organization on how to use Stage-Gate ® success criteria and portfolio and resource management to deliver better innovations for the consumers we serve.  [iii]   The top half of PGs diamond in Exhibit 2 is strategic in nature, and captures the businesss product innovation strategy: goals, the mix of new products required to meet those goals, and the required resources. Portfolio management (or project selection) is thus closely connected to strategy. The bottom half of the diamond is more operational and focuses on delivering specific new product projects or initiatives: what resources must be put in place for each project; and how individual new product projects are managed so they succeed using PGs idea-to-launch SIMPLTM Methodology? Thus how the PGs business success has been generated through focusing on effective innovative Management. Peter F. Drucker says Leadership is the lifting of mans thinking to higher sights, the increment of mans performance to higher standard, the building of mans personality beyond its normal limitation. Alan Bryman offers the working definition of leadership as: the creation of a goal about a desired future state which seeks to mesh every members of an organization in its net. Many commentators trait spotting approach to; have argued or assumed that the performance of an organization depends on the quality of leadership exercised by its leaders; same is the case with PG organization. The single most enduring thing PG leaders can do is to identify develop our next generation of leaders. If we can get the right people with the right skills and experiences in place to run our business, the rest will take care of itself. By Lura Mattimore, Director, Leadership development PG. So the leader is someone who exercises influence over other people leading is a process of actuation. It provides an electrifying effect to the organization makes people action-oriented and bridges gaps within the organization. Distribution of work, delegation of authority and supervision of work should be done meticulously. There are various approaches to leadership such as trait spotting, style counseling, content fitting, New leadership. PG uses the trait spotting approach to leadership. PG leaders are built from within because they believe that their future success is entirely dependent on the ongoing strength of talent pipeline. So the first trait spotting in PG is done by PG leaders itself who select the next leader of the company by searching a quality of dedication towards the work. PG leaders are not born leaders at first they are just the ordinary people of the company. For PG people are the company most important asset. Their success depends entirely on the strength of the talent which they build from within manage with a disciplined process led by the CEO the senior leadership team. This is an essential element of how PG is designs to lead. Thus PG develop leaders whose purpose is to centre on improving more consumers lives in all parts of the world. Thus PG uses two dimensional style of leadership because it concerns for the production as well as for the people. People are the main asset of PG and for production they always wanted to get differentiated by their innovation method. Thus PG uses the two dimensional style. (Blake Mouton 1964) According to the Likerts there are four leadership systems: Exploitative Autocratic Benevolent authoritative Participative Democratic Democratic leaders have complete confidence and trust in their subordinates, they allow the subordinates to make decision for themselves; these types of leaders always motivate their subordinates by reward for achieving goals and to share the new ideas and opinion. PG uses the democratic type of leadership system. They believe to build their organization from within; PG consider their most important asset as the people of the company because of their faithful work excellent performance. Procter gamble respect all employees and consumers and offer them their trust on condition that they treat them similarly. PG also uses servant type of leadership because they always feels that the customers are the boss .And in servant leadership, leaders put the needs of their followers first. According to the John Adair Leadership is a social process in which an individual influences the behavior of others without using the path of violence. Below is the example of how the innovative product is developed under the innovative leadership of PG, which shows some relationship between leader and follower of the PGs. PG crank up on one on one consumer research, so the marketers of PG spend a time with the consumers, watching the way they wash, clean their floors, diapers their babies and asking about their habit and frustration. So based on this one on one technique PG opened a diaper -testing centre right down the hall of their office, where moms watch their babies get undressed, diapered, and measured by PG technicians. So one thing the PG learn from this experience is that parents are frustrated by the time it takes their youngsters to be toilet trained and they have to change their diapers every time when they wet those. So thus based on the comments received from the parents PG launch their new innovative product in the line of pampers whose mission was to dry diapers to helping moms with babys development. Thus how the PG is always innovative in the way of leadership to find new products which improves their relationship with their followers, as the consumers are the main boss of the PG. 7. Future Aspects: Strategy improvement: Through analysis of P Gs multi-brand strategy we realize that many of the benefits of this strategy are clear, but it is very difficult to achieve in the market, they have to note that several aspects of business practice. According to Sanjay Tiwari (2000), they can make some improvement by the ways below. A company which operates a variety of brands must have the appropriate strength; the work of brand extension is complicated.  From market research to product launch, to advertising, every job has a large number of enterprises to spend manpower and material resources. In the specific operation, they must be through careful investigation, to find the product differentiation. The industries in which according to the specific situation of enterprises, such as Procter Gambles consumer products industry which with easy access to a successful multi-brand strategy.   Structure Improvement: The improvement of structures of PG possibility could be to have wholly autonomous temporary groups or teams that are responsible for an entire project, and are split up as soon as it is successfully completed. Teams are often not very good for decision-making, and they run the risk of relational problems, unless they are small and have a lot of self-discipline. Actually, team members still require a definite leader, which is indicated from decentralization. It means the separation of the organization into competing autonomous divisions. PG has various branch brands, and some in one subject. Competition between own brands may seems unreasonable. However, changing corporate structure may encourage positive challenges among PG. In addition, appropriate manipulating probably is required during the management process. On the other hand, some inefficiency brands or areas may better to be abolished for saving funds and decrease expenses. Decision- making is very crucial of this innovation, which is easy to regret if prediction is wrong. Various differences of brands among PG could be helpful and practical in different occasions. However, this improvement could go to the opposite and create unexpected situation because sometimes the market could be influenced by news in many ways.

Childcare: Nursery School and Children Essay

This policy represents the agreed principles for Safeguarding Children throughout the Nursery. All Nursery staff, representing Jack in the Box at Yewtree Nursery have agreed this policy. Introduction The health, safety and welfare of all our children are of paramount importance to all the adults who work in our Nursery. Our children have the right to protection, regardless of age, gender, race, culture, background or disability. They have a right to be safe in our Nursery. This policy is in line with LSCB (Local Safeguarding Children Boards) local guidance and procedures. Aims and objectives Our aims are: * to provide a safe environment for children to learn in; to establish what actions the Nursery can take to ensure that children remain safe, at home as well as at school; * to raise the awareness of all staff to these issues, and to define their roles and responsibilities in reporting possible cases of abuse; * to identify children who are suffering, or likely to suffer, significant harm; * to ensure effective communication between all staff on child protection issues; * to set down the correct procedures for those who encounter any issue of safeguarding. Statutory Framework This policy is formulated using the DfES documents: ‘Circular 10/95 – Protecting Children from Abuse: The Role of the Education Service’, ‘Working Together to Safeguard Children’ (2006), ‘Safeguarding Children and Safer Recruitment in Education’ (2006) and Hertfordshire Safeguarding Children Board Child Protection procedures (2007). Section 175 of the Education Act 2002 introduced a new duty requiring governing bodies and LAs to have appropriate child-protection procedures in place. This policy takes account of the requests set out in the Children Act 2004 (‘Every Child Matters’). Nursery Schools are expected to ensure that they have appropriate procedures in place for responding to situations in which they believe that a child has been abused or is at risk of abuse – these procedures should also cover circumstances in which a member of staff is accused of, or suspected of, abuse. DfEE Circular 10/95 (Protecting Children from Abuse: The Role of the Education Service) places the following responsibilities on all schools:- * Nurseries should be aware of and follow the procedures established by the Safeguarding Committee * Nurseries should have procedures (of which all staff are aware) for handling suspected cases of abuse of pupils, including procedures to be followed if a member of staff should be alerted to signs of abuse and know to whom they should report any concerns or suspicions * The Designated Senior Person should have responsibility for co-ordinating action within the Nursery and liaise with other agencies * Staff with designated responsibility for Safeguarding should receive appropriate training Circular 10/95 also states that â€Å"parents should be made aware of the Nursery Schools Safeguarding Policy and the fact that this may require cases to be referred to the investigative agencies in the interests of the child†. This including the police. The Designated Senior Persons (DSP) Miss Jennifer Underwood (Senior) Miss Karen Paddick (Deputy) The Designated Senior Persons (DSP) for Safeguarding are the managers of the Nursery. The DSPs’ role is to:- * ensure that the Hertfordshire Area safeguarding Committee’s Safeguarding Procedures are followed in the Nursery * ensure that all staff are aware of these procedures * ensure that appropriate training and support is provided to all staff * develop effective working relationships with other agencies and services * decide whether to take further action about specific concerns (e.g. refer to Children Schools and Families Referral and Assessment Team) * liaise with Social Work Teams over suspected cases of child abuse * ensure that accurate records relating to individual children are kept in a secure place and marked ‘Strictly Confidential’ * submit reports to, and attend, Safeguarding Conferences * ensure that the nursery effectively monitors children who have been identified as ‘at risk’ * provide guidance to parents, children and staff about obtaining suitable support. * Keep up to date with all relevant procedures and legislations * Attend TAC (Team Around the Child) and CAF (Common Assessment Framework) meetings Nursery Procedures * if any member of staff is concerned about a child he or she must inform the DSPs’ * information regarding the concerns must be recorded by the member of staff on the same day on a ‘cause for concern’ sheet (which has an outline of a body on it – staff must accurately record their concerns). The recording must be a clear, precise, factual account of the observations and must be dated. These sheets are kept in the DSP’s ‘Children Causing Concern’ file, which is kept securely in the managers locked cupboard. * the DSP will decide whether the concerns should be referred to Children Schools and Families. If it is decided to make a referral to Children School and Families this may be done without prior discussion with parents * if a referral is made to Children Schools and Families, the DSP will ensure that a written confirmation of the concerns is sent to the ‘Call Centre’ within 48 hours when requested * particular attention will be paid to the attendance and development of any child who the nursery believes to be ‘at risk’ or who has been placed on the Safeguarding children Register * records relating to Safeguarding children will be kept in a secure locked place, separate from the child’s general file * if a pupil who is known to be on the Safeguarding children Register changes nursery school, the DSP will inform the social worker responsible for the case and transfer the appropriate records to the receiving School/Nursery, in a secure manner, to a named person, and separate from the child’s general file. Prevent Abuse by means of good practice * Adults will never be left alone for long periods of time, with individual children or with small groups * Adults that have no CRB certificate or relevant childcare qualifications will never be left alone with a child. * Children will have regular circle time and discussions on appropriate behaviour * All staff are aware of where to access the response phone number. It is clearly displayed on notice boards within the nursery. Staff training A clear vetting and barring training is in place for all new staff and clear policies are in staff handbook. All adults in the Nursery receive regular training to raise their awareness of abuse, and to improve their knowledge of Safeguarding procedures that have been agreed locally. The maximum period of time before refresher training must take place is three years. All staff have appraisals and yearly performance management which are informed by peer on peer observations. When to be concerned Staff should be concerned about a pupil if he or she:- * has any injury which is not typical of the bumps and scrapes normally associated with children’s injuries * regularly has unexplained injuries   * frequently has injuries (even when apparently reasonable explanations are given) * gives confused or conflicting explanations on how injuries were sustained * exhibits significant changes in behaviour, performance or attitude * indulges in sexual behaviour which is unusually explicit and/or inappropriate to his or her age * discloses an experience in which he or she may have been harmed * gives other cause to believe that he or she may be suffering significant harm Dealing with a disclosure If a pupil discloses that he or she has been abused in some way, the member of staff should:- * listen to what is being said without displaying shock or disbelief * accept what is being said * allow the child to talk freely * reassure the child but not make promises which it might not be possible to keep * not promise confidentiality – it might be necessary to refer to Children Schools and Families * reassure him or her that what has happened is not his or her fault * stress that it was the right thing to tell * listen, rather than ask direct questions * if necessary, ask open questions, not leading questions * not criticise the alleged perpetrator * explain what has to be done next and who has to be told. Record keeping and monitoring When a pupil has made a disclosure, the member of staff should:- * make brief notes during and as soon as possible after the conversation * not destroy the original notes in case they are needed by a court * record the date, time, place and any noticeable non-verbal behaviour and the words used by the child * complete the diagram with an outline of a body shape, to indicate the position of any bruising or other injury * record statements and observations rather than interpretations or assumptions on the incident report form. * the DSP is required to undertake an annual Safeguarding Checklist Dealing with a disclosure from a child, and a Safeguarding case in general, is likely to be a stressful experience. The member of staff should, therefore, consider seeking support for him/herself and discuss this with the DSP. Whistleblowing It is important to Jack in the Box that any fraud, misconduct or wrongdoing by employees or people at Jack in the Box is reported and properly dealt with. At Jack in the Box we encourage all individuals to raise any concerns that they may have about the conduct of others in the setting or the way in which the setting is run. At Jack in the Box, we recognise that effective and honest communication is essential if malpractice is to be effectively dealt with. histleblowing relates to all staff and volunteers who work within the setting, who may from time to time think that they need to raise with someone in confidence certain issues relating to Jack in the Box. Whistleblowing is separate from the grievance procedures. If you have a complaint about your own personal circumstances you need to follow the grievance procedures highlighted in the ‘staff hand book’. If you are concerned about malpractice within Jack in the Box the following procedures need to be followed: * Report any concerns to Jenny Underwood or Zoe Tearle * All staff are aware of preventing and eliminating wrongdoing within Jack in the Box and are watchful for illegal, inappropriate or unethical conduct and report anything of that nature to the managers. * Staff understand that any matter raised under this procedure will be investigated thoroughly, promptly and confidentially, and the outcome of the investigation will be reported back to you. * No one will be victimised for raising the matter under this procedure and continued employment and opportunities for future promotion or training will not be prejudiced because of a legitimate concern. * Victimisation of an individual for raising a qualified disclosure will be a disciplinary offence. * If misconduct is discovered as a result of any investigation under this procedure Jack in the Box disciplinary procedure will be used, in addition to any appropriate external measures. * If a malicious, vexatious or false allegation is made then this will be considered to be a disciplinary offence and disciplinary action will be taken. * Any instruction to cover up wrongdoing is itself a disciplinary offence. If you are told not to raise or pursue any concerns, even by a person in authority such as a manager, you should not agree to remain silent. In this event you should report the mater to either Jenny Underwood or Zoe Tearle. Allegations against staff If an allegation is made against a member of the nursery staff (or a volunteer helper), advise would be taken from the LADO and Children Schools and Families will be contacted immediately. If it is felt, after these initial investigations, that a further enquiry is needed, then the member of staff will be suspended. Suspension is a neutral act, and in no way implies that the person is guilty of any wrongdoing. However, it is acknowledged that this would be distressing for the person concerned, and the Nursery will do all it can to balance the interests of any individual with that of the need to keep children safe. The Nursery will seek advice from Children Schools and Families on these matters, and comply with national and locally agreed guidance. Physical restraint There may be times when adults, in the course of their duties, have to intervene physically in order to restrain children and prevent them from coming to harm. Such intervention will always be the minimum necessary to resolve the situation. We follow the guidance given in the DfES circular 10/98 on The Use of Force to Control or Restrain Pupils. The managers will require the adult(s) involved in any such incident to report the matter to him or her immediately. Confidentiality DfEE 10/95 acknowledges that Safeguarding Children raises issues of confidentiality that must be clearly understood by all staff in schools. The Circular advises that all staff in the nursery have: â€Å"a responsibility to share relevant information about the protection of children with other professionals, particularly the investigative agencies (Children Schools and Families and the Police). If a child confides in a member of staff and requests that the information is kept secret, it is important that the member of staff tells the child sensitively that he or she has a responsibility to refer cases of alleged abuse to the appropriate agencies for the child’s sake. Within that context, the child should, however, be assured that the matter will be disclosed only to people who need to know about it. Staff who receive information about children and their families in the course of their work should share that information only within appropriate professional contexts. Child Prot ection records should be kept securely locked†. Employment and recruitment Jack in the Box ensures that people looking after children are suitable to fulfil the requirements of their roles. We have effective systems in place to ensure that practitioners, and any other person who is likely to have regular contact with children are suitable. Practitioners must tell managers if they are expected to disclose any convictions, cautions, court orders, reprimands and warnings which may affect their suitability to work with children (whether received before or during their employment at the setting). Jack in the Box does not allow people whose suitability has not been checked, including through a criminal records check, to have unsupervised contact with children being cared for. Managers record information about staff qualifications and the identity checks and vetting processes that have been completed (including the criminal records disclosure, reference number, the date a disclosure was obtained and details of who obtained it). Jack in the box meets their responsibilities under the Safeguarding Vulnerable Groups Act 2006. We will do all we can to ensure that all those working with children in our nursery are suitable people. This involves scrutinising applicants, verifying their identity and obtaining references, as well as the mandatory checks and enhanced CRB. We follow the DfES guidance set out in Safeguarding Children: Preventing Unsuitable People from Working with Children and Young Persons in the Education Service, DfES. We ensure that all staff have sufficient understanding and use of English to ensure the wellbeing of children in our care. Family Support The Nursery School will take every step in its power to build up trusting and supportive relationships between families, staff and volunteers in the group. Where abuse at home is suspected, the Nursery School will continue to welcome the child and family while investigations proceed. Liaise with other bodies The Nursery School and children’s schools and families will work together: 0300 1234040 0300 1234040 Safeguarding Children Concerns 0845 3300222 0845 3300222 Police