J.D. Salingers Franny and Zooey Essay -- Salinger Franny Zooey Essays

J.D. Salinger's Franny and Zooey Works Cited Missing In the novel Franny and Zooey, J.D. Salinger utilizes the Glass family to convey his convictions on religion and society during this time. One manner by which he does this is by conveying the novel into two short stories. One arrangements with Franny, a youthful female who is at a junction with her convictions, and different arrangements with her sibling Zooey who attempts to help his sister through her challenges. When this book was distributed in 1961, it was a moment hit and advanced toward the blockbuster list. Throughout the years there were numerous basic articles composed examining Salinger’s planned reason for this novel. In A Preface for â€Å"Franny and Zooey† John P. McIntyre investigates whether Salinger’s fundamental reason concentrating on religion was because of the way that he needed to demonstrate that religion ought to be progressively profound rather then managed in the public eye. Subsequent to perusing this paper, I concur with McIntyre in li ght of the fact that all through Franny and Zooey there are a few distinct circumstances which the peruser can see where the novel appears to help this understanding.      The first case of how the religion viewpoint ought to be profound is seen through Franny and Zooey’s character. Both were raised with a mix of religions by their more seasoned siblings. They feel as if this has made them unusual, which isn't correct, in light of the fact that having the option to comprehend these various religions have helped them in a few unique manners. With the goal for Zooey to comprehend what's up with his sister he talks he needs to her. While talking about what is happening in there lives, Franny begins to disclose to Zooey how she attended a university looking for astuteness yet has discovered none. Zooey then asks her what she needs from the Jesus supplication which Franny had started to follow. He additionally expresses that in the event that she is planning to pick up things from it, at that point she is much the same as every other person out there. Franny later replies by disclosing to Zooey that she is stressed and she doesnâ€℠¢t know her motivation for following these petitions. This particular conversation between the two delineates their disparities. They are people and by understanding these various religions and petitions, it has helped them be there own â€Å"spiritual person† rather then tuning in to society and being phony. In A Preface for â€Å"Franny and Zooey†, McIntyre says that â€Å"the most noticeably terrible they (Franny and Zooey) can say about our general public is that they are too sens... ...ives in that cognizance and this is ‘the idea’ he needs to get across to Franny† (McIntyre 4). So by concurring with McIntyre, we see that Zooey is a genuine individual and consistent with himself and to his convictions. When conversing with Franny Zooey discloses to her that he doesn’t feel she get Jesus, that she is making increasingly adorable then he truly is. He considers him the most shrewd man in the Bible. Furthermore, with this it shows this is a genuine case of how religion in the book is more otherworldly than all else particularly however Zooey’s character.      Philosophy and religion are significant points that Salinger attempts to advance through his novel Franny and Zooey. Through Franny’s breakdown he demonstrates that it is so imperative to appear as something else and put stock in what you think it right, particularly managing religion. While in Zooey he demonstrates what it is to be like this with your own convictions. John P. McIntyre’s article A Preface for â€Å"Franny and Zooey† bolsters this thought religion ought to be something otherworldly somewhat affected by society. â€Å"His (Salinger’s) essential concern respects the person's otherworldly life, that genuine connection between the individual and the dynamic Presence of God† (McIntyre 6).

Digital Business Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Computerized Business Management - Essay Example To accomplish this, the paper has chosen www.origin.com as the site for investigation. An investigation of the site is led with an emphasis on how it is executing advanced data frameworks. The paper at that point audits the plan of action of the site indicating its online incentive. The paper at that point proceeds to distinguish the intended interest group of the site and how the site is attempting to get to them. Finally, the paper assesses the client relationship the executives technique utilized and makes proposals dependent on what has been watched. Origin.com is Origin’s official site. Beginning offers free gaming types of assistance and a stage for games shopping that permits client to shop, access and play changed computer games. Starting point additionally goes about as an interpersonal interaction stage which empowers clients to associate, system and welcome each other to mess around across various stages (Origin.com, 2014). The site is additionally associated with a cloud administration that empowers a client to spare a game and resume from where it was halted. It, along these lines, takes into account trade of data and criticism, consequently, making a completely practical computerized data framework (Gitman and McDaniel, 2006). A computerized data framework is characterized as course of action of equipment, programming, liveware and data assets that empowers contributing of information, handling, yielding and capacity of data regularly for a distinct reason (Kathy, Zhwei and Agrusa, 2004). There are numerous kinds of data frameworks; the exchange handling framework, the board data framework, choice emotionally supportive network and official emotionally supportive network (El-Sawy and Pereira, 2012). This sites goes about as a choice emotionally supportive network since it gives data that is then utilized by a client to settle on choices dependent on data gave (Preece, 2001). A similar data can be utilized by the Origin supervisory crew to note and dissect issues and think of economical answers for the equivalent. The site executes computerized data frameworks in

Winning The War On War The Decline of Armed Conflict World Wide by Joshua Goldsteins

Winning The War On War The Decline of Armed Conflict World Wide by Joshua Goldstein’s Book Review: Winning The War On War: The Decline of Armed Conflict World Wide Jul 16, 2019 in Book Review Winning The War On War: The Decline of Armed Conflict World Wide is Joshua Goldsteins book. In his book, Goldstein examines many years of war and how mechanisms of peace restoration have influence the war. In addition, Goldstein has taken into consideration the measures that the United Nations (UN) have taken to curb the rapid growing war. In this article, I will review the authors opinions about the UN role and provide a thorough critique of the book. In an exquisite and expansive manner, Goldstein in this book craftily highlights that before UN formation and during ancient times, human race was a hostile and nasty lot. In this context, he points out the propensities of ancient China, the hostile society of Mongols, Romans, and also European imperialism just to mention a few. Goldstein points out all these past atrocious era to hammer home the point that after the Cold War, UN has been very significant in playing its role in peacekeeping. The success stories of Namibia, Cambodia and Macedonia are worth mentioning. On the other hand, there were UN failures that Goldstein points out, for example, the Somalia conflict and failure to intervene in the Rwandan 1994 genocide. The success of the UN has indeed been overshadowed by the shortcomings and especially the complacency in the deadly scenarios. However, the UN interventions when operations incorporate multidimensional agencies such as police, civilians, and military are inappropria te (p.100). The Sierra Leone intervention, according to Goldstein, worked in stabilizing West African security issues. Some of these countries still face numerous security concerns. Limited Time Offer! Get 15% OFF your first order However, Goldstein fails to adequately account (as realists would argue) that UN interventions in the post-Cold War era were bashed and sanctioned, since the operations did not augur well with the national interests of the Permanent Five (UK, US, Russia, China, France) on the Security Council. An example case is the involvement of the US and UK in Iraq and also Russia against Georgia (2008). Both these nations engaged in interstate wars beyond the auspices of the UN, while trying to protect their own interests. On the effectiveness of the security forces that UN uses, Goldstein states that the body has learned from its past mistakes. In Bosnia, according to him, forces are becoming robust in dealing with armed groups who persist fighting. To refute this claim, the best example case is the Cote dIvoire that joint UN mission that involved French armed forces. The mission reinstated the chosen president after the election was highly contested. However, there are still some problems with UN operations and how they are organized. UN forces often come from developing countries and involve poorly trained personnel. Apart from that, there is a common communication breakdown due to language barrier. The troops are inadequately led and are usually drown from countries, such as Nepal and Bangladesh. The distance and logistic coordination has also been a significant challenge that the UN forces still face. Goldstein states that UN efforts in ensuring that the peacekeeping agencies are well-equipped and receive political backing is quite a success. Goldstein holds the opinion that any war is a continuum that grows and worsens with time. Just as war is a progression, Goldstein asseverates that peace also can be graded from a frail ceasefire to peace talks. Goldstein espouses some astonishing statistics relating to war occurrence in the previous century. One of the factors that make this book interesting is that it is factual. It records not only what happened in the past, but also what is happening currently and what is expected to happen in the future. Goldstein asserts that the reduction in war is born by a united international entity able to deploy peacekeeping forces to end the war and restore peace conflict areas. However, human peaceful nature is paramount to maintain peaceful coexistence, but Goldstein does not mention this fact. Goldstein mentions eight features that have led to the diminishing state of war since the year 1990. These factors inclue: the termination of the cold war; the US authority, economic advantage of globalization; preaching of peace and upholding of both democracy and human rights; women taking part in politics; emergence of NGOs; and conflict resolution strategies. With these factors, Goldstein disagrees with USIP publication of intractable conflicts, as conflicts that were termed unmanageable are now manageable. In my view, USIP is demeaning the efforts that have been put in place over decades to resolve conflicts when it generalises conflicts as intractable. Grading war is plausible, since there are unique measures in implementing peace agreements. Order now Live Chat While disproving the claims that the twentieth century was a murderous century, Goldstein argues that Napoleonic Wars, of the first 15 years of the nineteenth century, were worst. During the Taiping Rebellion, preceding Napoleonic wars, approximately dozens of millions of people died. He adds that, as a result of Muslim uprising during the same time (19 century), five million people in Yunnan China died. During the last half of the century, US civil war and wars that ruined most of Latin America took place. Beginning in 1899, the Boer War started, thus exposing the tension that existed between world powers and colonial areas. Goldstein further looks at the time before 19th century and finds out that things have been getting better and that people have been able to shun war and embrace peace. He concludes that this trend has been a result of the formation of UN, which has played a significant role in curtailing war. The formation and functions of the UN as appertains peacekeeping are espoused. Goldstein narrates how UN established its first peacekeeping operation in Palestine in 1948 and called it United Nations Truce Supervision Organisation. The peacekeepers rules were to remain neutral and unarmed. These were to check danger and to keep them from being targets. Nevertheless, six officers were murdered, seven wounded and an incessant attack on their convoy was made. Towards the end of 1950, UN formed an armed force (United Nations Emergency Force, UNEF) that had the authority to use force in self-defence. UNEF included UN members who did not belong to the Security Council. Three principals were formulated to govern this force: consent by the host state, equitability and least use of force. As with any growing organisation, UNEF faced challenges but rather termed a success. Goldstein admits that some UN peace-keeping operations have failed (Bosnia, Rwanda, Angola and Somalia missions), because of underfunding, lack of personnel and lack of quality training. He also talks about the UN successes in Namibia, El Salvador, Cambodia and Mozambique. According to author, success owes to the host states consenting, whereas failure was witnessed in those who did not consent. Additionally, Goldstein provides two aspects that the UN peacekeepers should improve to involve in more accounts of success. Firstly, screening the culture of their military personnel from those of their host and secondly, encouraging their personnel to sacrifice and put their lives at stake. The presence of peacekeepers in a country reduces the chances of war erupting. Goldstein asserts that justice and reconciliation are imperative in maintaining and restoring peace. Goldstein also takes the reader through growth and development of peacekeeping mission in the UN. He talks about the establishment, disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration (DDR) programs as well as Security Sector Reform (SSR), truth commission and women involvement in peace activism. In spite of the increased movement for peace, Goldstein condemns the lack of seriousness directed into coordinating and supporting UN peacekeeping dynamism.

The Assassination Of The United States On September 11

The famous events that took place in the United States on September 11, 2001 were a conspiracy. There is no denying this when, by general definition, a conspiracy is â€Å"a secret plan made by two or more people to do something that is harmful or illegal†, (Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, n.d.). For the purposes of this paper, it is more beneficial to use Sustein and Vermeule’s definition which states that an idea can be considered a conspiracy theory if it is, â€Å"an effort to explain some event or practice by reference to the machinations of powerful people, who attempt to conceal their role (at least until their aims are accomplished)† (2009, p. 205). This is especially helpful considering that when most people think of conspiracy theories, they think of cases such as the JFK assassination, the moon landing, and the 9/11 attacks; all of which are some of the most prominent and influential conspiracy theories in our society. In the case of the 9/11 consp iracy theories, believers propose the idea that the event (the destruction of the World Trade Center) was caused by the machinations of powerful people (high ranking officials in the United States government) who attempted to conceal their role (by blaming Al-Qaeda). While the 9/11 Truth Movement’s (the official group of 9/11 conspiracy theorists) followers raise seemingly valid and challenging questions, it doesn’t take much to find the answers that shake the base of the conspiracy theorists’ foundation and render theShow MoreRelatedThe Assassination Of The United States1487 Words   |  6 Pagesevery person in the United States if asked can remember exactly where they were during a certain tragic event. People often associate themselves and their generation to a certain national tragedy or a group of national tragedies. For example, that part of Generation Y and some from Millennials would naturally consider the biggest and most devastating national tragedy to be the attacks on the World Trade Center buildings, on September 11, 2001. No other event in United States history has ever sparkedRead MoreA Look Back at 9/111307 Words   |  6 Pages9/11 One of the most known and worst events occurred on September 11, 2001. Terror attacks occurred in the United States of America in the cities of Washington D.C. and New York City. An Al-Qaeda terrorist group organized this attack by sending terrorists on four different airplanes to crash into the World Trade Center in New York City, and the Pentagon in Washington D.C. Two planes crashed into the World Trade Center, while another one was targeted for the Pentagon. Although one plane hit theRead MoreHistory of the Taliban1338 Words   |  6 Pagesof the most wanted men by the United States (U.S.) government. How does a man born to one of the poorest province become one of the most wanted men alive? The U. S. State Department is offering a reward up to ten million dollars for the capture of Mullah Omar. Omar is considered to be a man of mystery, who is highly respected, feared, and stubborn among his people. Omar is said to have ties with al-Qaeda, a known terrorist group that is r esponsible for September 11 attack. Omar is also suspectedRead More10 Days That Shaped America (History Channel) Summary1508 Words   |  7 PagesYannic Tschaitschian January 11, 2008 Mrs. Shelton 4th Block Honors History Ten Days That Shaped America 1) May 26, 1637-The Mystic Massacre of the Pequot War On May 26, 1637, English settlers under Captain John Mason, and Narragansett and Mohegan allies set fire to a Pequot fort near the Mystic River. The fort only had two entrances, and anybody that tried to flee the fort was shot by awaiting enemies. The only Pequots that survived were those who had followed their sachem Sassacus inRead MoreThe United States Government1309 Words   |  6 PagesBrianna Winn Mr. Smith English 111 18 May 2016 Fact or Fiction The United States government was formed to create a democracy fit for the idea that they would be considered â€Å"land of the free.† Unfortunately, throughout the history of several world wide events, the intentions of the â€Å"forefathers† have strayed to manipulate events and people. The government has been accused for many past years of lying when main events strike the nation causing many tragedies as well as causing emotional anguish onRead MoreEssay about Homeland Security1415 Words   |  6 PagesSince 9/11, terrorism has become a priority for law enforcement and military personnel in the United States. Even more importantly, it has turned into a War on Terrorism. September 11th was the worst terrorist attack ever on the United States. Therefore, our government officials responded in the only way that felt suitable, attacking terrorism. The group responsible for the events of 9/11 is called the Al Qaeda. Al Qaeda is one of the most well known terrorist g roups in the world. BecauseRead MoreThe Attack On September 111349 Words   |  6 PagesThe attack on September 11, 2001 is defined as a group of Islamic terrorist who are believed to be members of the al-Qaeda, attacking the Pentagon and the World Trade Center, also known as the Twin Towers, by hijacking four commercial airlines. Only three of the four attacks succeed. This is considered a terrorist attack to most of us. From this incident we can define terrorism as a well-planned violent attack that targets innocent people to send a political message by planting fear not just to theRead MoreTerrorism : The Threat Of Terrorism Essay1098 Words   |  5 Pagesthough these extremist use religious symbolism to seek a wider audience and resort to violent acts to prove their point. The terrorist’s events leading up to September 11, 2001 can be analyzed for the purpose of uncovering such a pattern to shed light on the possibility of preventing another horrific terrorist attack i n the future. September 11, 2001 is known today as the darkest day in aviation history because the attacks resulted in extensive death and destruction which led to significant U.S. initiatesRead MoreWar Against Al Qaeda And Other Terrorist Groups1994 Words   |  8 PagesEver since, 9/11 attacks, the United States have been involved in a war against al-Qaeda and other terrorist groups. They adopted the Israeli policy of killing terrorist which they called targeted killings. Targeted killings have become a policy in United States after 9/11 to subdue the rise of al Qaeda and other terrorist groups. The growing number of terrorism is greater than just people imagine. The threat posed by al Qaeda as claimed by the United States prompted the government to act in self-defenseRead MoreBarack Obama Bin Laden Speech1243 Words   |  5 Pageseffects of Osama Bin Laden, America’s actions, the assassination, and the important distinguishing of Islam and Pakistan from Al Qaeda. Obama is very profound for his use of emotive language; in this speech, he exemplifies this immediately. His use of antitheses opens with, â€Å"a bright September day was darkened†. He then goes on to take the spectators back to the tragic day of 9/11. He says, â€Å"Hijacked planes cutting through a cloudless September sky, the Twin Towers collapsing to the ground, black

Suppletion Definition and Examples in English Grammar

In morphology, suppletion is the use of two or more phonetically distinct roots for different forms of the same word, such as the adjective bad and its suppletive comparative form worse. Adjective: suppletive. According to  Peter O. Mà ¼ller et al., the term strong  suppletion is  used where the allomorphs are highly dissimilar and/or have different etymological origins, as in the adjective forms good and best. We speak of weak suppletion if some similarity is discernible, as in the words five and fifth (Word-Formation: An International Handbook of the Languages of Europe, 2015). Examples and Observations Bad - worse is a case of suppletion. Worse is clearly semantically related to bad in exactly the same way as, for example, larger is related to large, but there is no morphological relationship between the two words, i.e. there is no phonetic similarity between them.(J.R. Hurford et al., Semantics: A Coursebook, 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press, 2007)Suppletion is said to take place when the syntax requires a form of a lexeme that is not morphologically predictable. In English, the paradigm for the verb be is characterized by suppletion. Am, are, is, was, were, and be have completely different phonological shapes, and they are not predictable on the basis of the paradigms of other English verbs. We also find suppletion with pronouns. Compare I and me or she and her. Suppletion is most likely to be found in the paradigms of high-frequency words. . ..(Mark Aronoff and Kirsten Fudeman, What Is Morphology? 2nd ed. Wiley-Blackwell, 2011) Good, Better, Best The forms good, better and best, which belong to the adjective good . . . show suppletion since the relationship between the morphs representing the root morpheme is phonologically arbitrary. It would plainly make no sense to claim that there is a single underlying representation in the dictionary from which go and went or good and better are derived. The best we can do is to content ourselves with listing these allomorphs together under the same entry in the dictionary. (Francis Katamba, English Words, 2nd ed. Routledge, 2005) Origins of the Forms of Be and Go The Old English verb for be, like its Modern English counterpart, combined forms of what were originally four different verbs (seen in the present-day forms be, am, are, was). Paradigms that thus combine historically unrelated forms are called suppletive.Another suppletive verb is gan go, whose preterit eode was doubtless from the same Indo-European root as the Latin verb eo go. Modern English has lost the eode preterit but has found a new suppletive form for go in went, the irregular preterit of wend (compare send-sent). (John Algeo and Thomas Pyles, The Origins and Development of the English Language, 5th ed. Thomson Wadsworth, 2005). Origin of the Term  Suppletion in Linguistics The term suppletion gradually makes its way into grammatical descriptions and other linguistic works in the late 19th century (Osthoff 1899; Thomas 1899:79). In grammars it was probably triggered by the preceding notion of a defective paradigm; e.g. if a verb lacks a form in a certain category, it is supplied by some other verb.In linguistic theory of the 20th century, suppletion came to be fully established as a concept with the advent of structuralism, where the relation between form and meaning as well as the understanding of paradigmatic relationships became very important for a synchronic language description. (Ljuba N. Veselinova, Suppletion in Verb Paradigms: Bits and Pieces of the Puzzle. John Benjamins, 2006) Etymology From the Latin, to supply, make up a whole Pronunciation: se-PLEE-shen

Future Trends in Crisis Intervention Free Essays

Future Trends in Crisis Intervention Abstract Mental Health Paraprofessionals (MHPP) will work with the client and family on behavioral issues that occur in the home, school, and community. The MHPP serves on the treatment team and assists professional staff with the execution of the treatment plan. They also assist with securing community services that might be available to the client and the client’s family. We will write a custom essay sample on Future Trends in Crisis Intervention or any similar topic only for you Order Now The purpose of intensive Mental Health Paraprofessional Intervention is to enable the client to be maintained in the most normalized, least restrictive setting as possible, and to prevent unnecessary, inappropriate institutionalization. This paper discusses an overview paraprofessionals, the impact the paraprofessionals have on the field, the challenges that organizations are faced, and how to manage with the implemented changes. Future Trends in Crisis Intervention As the population in the United States continues to climb the need for human services professionals does the same. Human service agencies are often face the dilemmas of being over-worked and under paid. Professionals in this field are often prone to burnout because of these dilemmas. Sadly, human service agencies are often the first to experience budget cuts. These budget cuts affect the human service professional’s organization, facility, coworkers, pay, clients, and their personal moral. Leading officials of many human service organizations are noticing the affects of these dilemmas and are trying proactive approaches in solving the epidemics. As a result, the paraprofessional is becoming increasingly popular as the organization can fill the much needed worker positions and assist in alleviating clinician case load. This paper discusses the impact of this trend on the human services field and how the trend will impact the practice of crisis intervention in the future. The challenges faced as a result of the impact, and how the worker can proactively deal with this expanding trend is also covered. It is vital for these services to keep up with the demand and save as much of the valuable budget money. The Paraprofessional Counseling paraprofessionals are bachelor’s level graduates whom have completed a course in order to become certified as a paraprofessional. Paraprofessionals generally work in mental health centers, crisis units, day treatment programs and group homes. Generally they provide direct care to patients, where as a counselor, psychologist or psychiatrist offer more specified trained services. Treatment centers will employ support staff to work directly with their patients; counseling center paraprofessionals (CCP) are distinctly different from other support staff (Barrios amp; Perlas, 2010). They hold a certification in working with the mentally ill and a bachelor’s degree while certified counseling technicians (CCT) have a similar certification, but hold a high school diploma instead of a bachelor’s degree (Barrios amp; Perlas, 2010). Some treatment centers will also hire direct service professionals that do not have CCP or CCT certifications, but generally, those whom hold a certification are in higher demand and are more employable. Contact of a Paraprofessional The main purpose of a CCP is to interact directly with patients in their care; this may involve setting and enforcing rules on unit, organizing daily activities, and helping with chores or other similar duties. According to Christine Wyman (2012), â€Å"They often have more contact with clients that much of the other staff, including doctors, psychologists, and therapists, as the CCP is usually in charge of the client’s day to day activities. † Though the CCP performs less specialized work, they often have the most insight into individual clients. Because of the constant contact they are an invaluable member of the treatment team. With how often CCP’s get to observe patients on a daily basis they are able to pick up on behavior patterns that other staff may not see. They are also able to see how various treatments affect a patient in their daily lives. Some CCPs are designated to work one on one with a single client. A CCP in this role is often assigned as such because a client has a particular need. â€Å"Such needs could include but are not limited to helping a client with severe cognitive or physical limitations, watching a client whom is a danger to himself or others or working with a client whose treatment goals involve intensive one on one work† (Wyman, 2012). Impact There are many ways that the use of counseling center paraprofessionals can benefit the organization. One of the many benefits of the paraprofessional in the human service career field could be that they require less training than typical clinician or other human service professional. That way the CCP is able to become certified and begin work in a much shorter time frame then someone who is going through all the required schooling and testing to become a licensed professional. Another aspect deals with the lesser amount of pay therefore saving the organization money. With the way budgets are being cut it is important to stretch every dollar as much as possible. â€Å"Someone without the education or licensure will not be able to do as much as a professional and therefore require less pay therefore saving money for other areas it is needed† (Barrios ;amp; Perlas, 2010). Since CCP’s spend a great deal of time with the patients they serve as valuable member of the treatment team in helping diagnose issues and observe if prescribed treatments are working. With the CCP’s doing this then that opens up the professionals to work with more clients on a one on one basis. Challenges Paraprofessionals in the human services field can be considered both an important asset and a nuisance to the clinicians and the clients served. With all the good that a paraprofessional brings the position also has some negatives. During this tumultuous economy, districts find themselves entertaining a variety of solutions as a means of tackling severe budget reductions, and colleges are faced with the impossible task of providing quality student services without adequate resources. As a result, paraprofessionals may have absorbed additional duties previously performed by a robust counseling department. Also the CCP’s can be improperly trained or supervised. Because of these two occurrences the care provided can suffer. When people are overworked they are more likely to suffer from burnout. In this case the lack of CCP’s can cause burnout on behalf of the professionals and if the CCP’s are doing more than they should they can become burnt out. Managing Paraprofessional responsibilities should not extend beyond information dissemination. When the duties expand into goal setting, planning or decision making, the paraprofessional has overstepped his/her professional boundaries. It is recommended that paraprofessional roles and duties be assessed to ensure that paraprofessionals do not extend beyond their primary job description (Barrios ;amp; Perlas, 2010). If paraprofessionals are utilized, proper training and supervision are imperative. Both training and supervision should be conducted with counselors taking an active role in both. Training methods could include individual one-on-one trainings, small group trainings, or an in-service training to the greater college community in order to differentiate the goals and responsibilities between counselors and paraprofessionals. Trainings and supervision should include clearly defined responsibilities and a counselor referral process. Identification badges, that include name and position, should be provided along with ethical and confidentiality regulations. Closing Crisis Intervention Counseling plays an important role and benefits many people in their time of need. With the direction of society and the numerous budget cuts that are implemented each year, the affected organizations that provide these services must find the best way to survive. In hiring counseling center paraprofessionals the group takes some of the pressure off of the professionals and spread the work out more evenly. This move also saves the organization money on a tight budget. There are many issues that face the human service field and counseling in the future but one major is the funding. CCP’s can do a lot to solve this issue now and in the future as budgets for these services get cut even more. How to cite Future Trends in Crisis Intervention, Papers

Air Industry for Pilots and Flight Attendants-myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theAir Industry for Pilots and Flight Attendants. Answer: The airline industry offers service to nearly every part of the world and therefore is seen as a fundamental part of the global economy stabilizer. The airline industry itself as an economic power also assists some other related industries to grow (Vasigh Fleming, 2016). However, there are a number of challenges that the industry undergoes during its operation. Therefore, this paper will mainly address the expenses and costs that the air industry faces and how they have a resultant effect on the ticket prices and flying occurrences. Operating an airline industry is not arguably expensive especially when it comes to the management of the labor force. The labor of managing an airline industry accounts to about 35% of the total airlines operating expenses. This ranges from hiring the pilots, flight attendants among other management teams. The cost of paying the salaries to the entire flight staff is usually huge. As such, the flight management must consider this factor in the ticket pricing in order to generate some profits. Also, fuel cost for the airline industry is usually very expensive. Fuel cost represents one of the largest chunks of airline industry expenditure. Averagely, fuel expenses account for about 29% of all the operational expenditure. Jet fuel is the main type of fuel which is used by the passenger carrier flights among other aircrafts. This fuel is usually a product of oil and therefore the two are correlated. With the fluctuation of oil in the global market, the jet fuel is usually affected too. Therefore, when the oil prices go up the passenger tickets and other air transport means are also likely to increases so that the industry can realize some profits. Flight catering is becoming a more important event in the air industry. For instance, a large airline which moves over long distances is required to serve its passengers on board with meals and other required necessities. Therefore, it is required to load thousands of items before it flies (Bieger and Wittmer, 2006). These items not only range from meals but also toilet papers, newspapers, headsets among other necessities. The food items are usually fresh while other in-flight equipment for crew and passengers use tends to be recyclables. The current airline industry is very competitive and therefore the industry that provides the best onboard services are the most preferred by the passenger. Therefore, the industry has to incur a lot of costs to achieve this. In the long run, the cost of passenger tickets may also be affected. Furthermore, insurance is also a major key expense that the industry faces. Aviation insurance is usually meant to cover uncertainties in the operations of the aircraft and the risks involved in the aviation industry (Pearlson et al., 2013). The aviation policies are usually different from other modes of transport. This is because they tend to cover aviation terminology, limits, and clauses specific insurance. These insurance are usually expensive and adds cost to the operation of the airline. There are various types of aviation airlines that range from public liability, passenger liability, combined single limit, ground risk insurance and inflight insurance (Belobaba et al., 2015). Air industry also faces fees that are associated with the landing of their airlines in different airports across the world. Landing fee is usually paid by a particular aircraft so as to gain access to a landing space. The amount of fees to be paid for landing, however, varies among different airports (Miller Chen, 2004). This may result due to availability and the number of aircrafts operating the same airport. Those airports that are congested may charge a higher landing fee to create a free space for landing. The money that is collected from the landing fee is in most cases used in the maintenance of the runways, airport buildings, and taxiways. Such fees also contribute to the pricing of a passenger ticket. Overflight fees are another cost that the air industry must adhere to so as to become efficient in their operation. Every country in which the long-distance flights have to pass through imposes charges for using their airspace (Cento, 2008). Therefore, this affects the air industry to some extent. Conclusion The air industry is one of the sectors that are crucial in the global economic drive. However, this sector is faced with a number of challenges ranging from fuel cost, labor cost, airport fees, insurance and catering costs. These costs do have a resultant effect on the passenger tickets in order to realize the expected profits. However, the industry is investing in the alternatives to achieve an effective cost-cutting to even increase their profits in operation. With the current decrease in the jet fuel prices, the industry is projected to make a tremendous profit and affordable passenger prices. References Belobaba, P., Odoni, A., Barnhart, C. (Eds.). (2015).The global airline industry. John Wiley Sons. Bieger, T., Wittmer, A. (2006). Air transport and tourismPerspectives and challenges for destinations, airlines and governments.Journal of Air Transport Management,12(1), 40- 46. Cento, A. (2008).The airline industry: challenges in the 21st century. Springer Science Business Media. Miller, D., Chen, M. J. (2004). Sources and consequences of competitive inertia: A study of the US airline industry.Administrative science quarterly, 1-23. Pearlson, M., Wollersheim, C., Hileman, J. (2013). A techno?economic review of hydroprocessed renewable esters and fatty acids for jet fuel production.Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining,7(1), 89-96. Vasigh, B., Fleming, K. (2016).Introduction to air transport economics: from theory to applications. Routledge.